{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:56:01Z","timestamp":1784854561991,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The objective of this study was to compare patients with acute-to-subacute mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on post-concussion symptom reporting based on whether they retrospectively recalled experiencing pre-injury anxiety or depression. Patients with mTBI (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009297; 40.4% men; mean\u2009=\u200938.2 years old, standard deviation [SD]\u2009=\u200914.0, range\u2009=\u200917\u201365), referred from an emergency department in Taipei, Taiwan, were seen in a neurosurgical outpatient clinic on average 7.7 days since injury (SD\u2009=\u20095.7, range\u2009=\u20090 \u2013 21 days), at which time they completed a checklist of post-concussion symptoms. Patients rated their current symptom severity and retrospectively rated their pre-injury symptom severity on 15 physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. Patients were grouped based on whether they did or did not have mild or greater pre-injury anxiety or depression based on this scale. Those with pre-injury anxiety or depression had greater pre-injury (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p'<\/jats:italic>\n                    s\u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                    range: 0.92\u20132.03) and post-injury (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p'<\/jats:italic>\n                    s\u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                    range: 0.65\u20131.00) symptom severity. However, when analyzing perceived change in symptoms (i.e., post-injury ratings minus pre-injury ratings), only perceived change in cognitive symptoms differed across groups (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.018,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.29), which became non-significant after controlling for gender. Greater post-concussion symptom severity in patients with pre-existing mental health problems may be mostly attributable to elevated symptoms before injury. These findings demonstrate the clinical value of retrospective pre-injury symptom assessment in mTBI management. Greater post-concussion symptom severity in patients with pre-injury mental health problems may represent a continuation of greater pre-injury symptom severity rather than a greater increase in symptom severity after mTBI.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2019.6834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T07:13:12Z","timestamp":1575443592000},"page":"1183-1189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Perceived Change in Physical, Cognitive, and Emotional Symptoms after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients with Pre-Injury Anxiety or Depression"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Justin E.","family":"Karr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Spaulding Rehabilitation Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant L.","family":"Iverson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Spaulding Rehabilitation Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Jean","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah D.","family":"Silverberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Cheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan."},{"name":"Holistic Social Preventive and Mental Health Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617710000196"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"262","volume-title":"Neurobehavioral Recovery from Head Injury","author":"Levin H.S.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Levin H.S., , Gary H.E. Jr., , High W.M. Jr., , Mattis S., , Ruff R.M., , Eisenberg H.M., , Marshall L.F., , and Tabaddor K. (1987). Minor head injury and the postconcussional syndrome: methodological issues in outcome studies., in: Levin H.S., , Grafman J., , and Eisenberg H.M. (eds.). Neurobehavioral Recovery from Head Injury. Oxford University Press: New York, pps. 262\u2013275."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027888"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp16X683161"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.08.295"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.6.JNS15664"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1215"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2015.1089598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"442","article-title":"Post-concussion symptom reporting and the \u201cgood-old-days\u201d","volume":"25","author":"Lange R.T.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lange R.T., , Iverson G.L., , and Rose A. (2010). Post-concussion symptom reporting and the \u201cgood-old-days\u201d. bias following mild traumatic brain injury. Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. 25, 442\u2013450.","journal-title":"bias following mild traumatic brain injury. Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"399","article-title":"Good-old-days","volume":"36","author":"Yang C.C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang C.C., , Yuen K.M., , Huang S.J., , Hsiao S.H., , Tsai Y.H., , and Lin W.C. (2014). \u201cGood-old-days\u201d bias: a prospective follow-up study to examine the preinjury supernormal status in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 36, 399\u2013409.","journal-title":"bias: a prospective follow-up study to examine the preinjury supernormal status in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2014.974674"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","volume-title":"Living Guideline for Diagnosing and Managing Pediatric Concussion","author":"Reed N.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reed N., , Zemek R., , Dawson J., , Ledoux A.A., , Provvidenza C., , Paniccia M., , Tataryn Z., , Sampson M., , Eady K., , Bourke T., , Dean S., , Seguin R., , Babul S., , Bauman S., , Bayley M., , Beauchamp M., , Carson J., , DePompei R., , Edwards C., , Ellis M., , Esser M., , Fait P., , Fraser D., , Fremont P., , Gagnon I., , Gargaro J., , Gioia G., , Giza C., , Goulet K., , Glang A., , Gray J., , Kolstad A., , Haney E., , Howitt S., , Hung R., , Hunt A., , Leddy J., , Macartney G., , Master C.L., , Marshall S., , McFarland S., , Osmond M., , Purcell L., , Schneider K., , Scratch S., , Somers S., , Taylor T., , Vassilyadi M., , Wade S., , Wellington C., , Wilcock R., , and Yeates K. (2019). Living Guideline for Diagnosing and Managing Pediatric Concussion. Toronto: Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline on the diagnosis and management of mild traumatic brain injury among children","volume":"172","author":"Lumba-Brown A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lumba-Brown A., , Yeates K.O., , Sarmiento K., , Breiding M.J., , Haegerich T.M., , Gioia G.A., , Turner M., , Benzel E.C., , Suskauer S.J., , Giza C.C., , Joseph M., , Broomand C., , Weissman B., , Gordon W., , Wright D.W., , Moser R.S., , McAvoy K., , Ewing-Cobbs L., , Duhaime A.C., , Putukian M., , Holshouser B., , Paulk D., , Wade S.L., , Herring S.A., , Halstead M., , Keenan H.T., , Choe M., , Christian C.W., , Guskiewicz K., , Raksin P.B., , Gregory A., , Mucha A., , Taylor H.G., , Callahan J.M., , Dewitt J., , Collins M.W., , Kirkwood M.W., , Ragheb J., , Ellenbogen R.G., , Spinks T.J., , Ganiats T.G., , Sabelhaus L.J., , Altenhofen K., , Hoffman R., , Getchius T., , Gronseth G., , Donnell Z., , O'Connor R.E., , and Timmons S.D. (2018). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline on the diagnosis and management of mild traumatic brain injury among children. JAMA Pediatr. 172, e182853.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.2374"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/16.5.435"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-199309000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91639-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"657","article-title":"The association between the postconcussion symptoms and clinical outcomes for patients with mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"62","author":"Yang C.C.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yang C.C., , Tu Y.K., , Hua M.S., , and Huang S.J. (2007). The association between the postconcussion symptoms and clinical outcomes for patients with mild traumatic brain injury. J. Trauma Inj. Infect. Crit. Care, 62, 657\u2013663.","journal-title":"J. Trauma Inj. Infect. Crit. Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022580"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000145823.85658.0c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-2492"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.058172"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2019.1602312"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2017.1351000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2017.1296193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097729"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6834","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6834","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6834","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:35:32Z","timestamp":1777674932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6834"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/neu.2019.6834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6834","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-7151","1557-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-7151","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}}}