{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T01:17:36Z","timestamp":1778721456686,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In this prospective, longitudinal study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and stability of sleep-wake disturbance (SWD) and fatigue in a large representative sample of patients (Trondheim mild traumatic brain injury [mTBI] follow-up study). We included 378 patients with mTBI (age 16\u201360), 82 matched trauma controls with orthopedic injuries, and 83 matched community controls. Increased sleep need, poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and fatigue were assessed at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 12 months after injury. Mixed logistic regression models were used to evaluate clinically relevant group differences longitudinally. Prevalence of increased sleep need, poor sleep quality, and fatigue was significantly higher in patients with mTBI than in both trauma controls and community controls at all time points. More patients with mTBI reported problems with excessive daytime sleepiness compared to trauma controls, but not community controls, at all time points. Patients with complicated mTBI (intracranial findings on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) had more fatigue problems compared to those with uncomplicated mTBI, at all three time points. In patients with mTBI who experienced SWDs and fatigue 2 weeks after injury, around half\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">still<\/jats:italic>\n                    had problems at 3 months and approximately one third at 12 months. Interestingly, we observed limited overlap between the different symptom measures; a large number of patients reported one specific problem with SWD or fatigue rather than several problems. In conclusion, our results provide strong evidence that mTBI contributes significantly to the development and maintenance of SWDs and fatigue.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2019.6898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T04:42:24Z","timestamp":1590640944000},"page":"2528-2541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The Prevalence and Stability of Sleep-Wake Disturbance and Fatigue throughout the First Year after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Simen Berg","family":"Saksvik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Migle","family":"Karaliute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5vard","family":"Kallestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Turid","family":"Follestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Asarnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Vik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asta Kristine","family":"H\u00e5berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toril","family":"Skandsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HTR.0000308720.70288.af"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsx044"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09602011.2016.1162176"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2010.531687"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.5.619"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4623-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000217"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00068-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","first-page":"403","article-title":"Sleep, sleep disorders, and mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"13","author":"Wickwire E.M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wickwire E.M., , Williams S.G., , Roth T., , Capaldi V.F., , Jaffe M., , Moline M., , Motamedi G.K., , Morgan G.W., , Mysliwiec V., , and Germain A. (2016). Sleep, sleep disorders, and mild traumatic brain injury. What we know and what we need to know: findings from a national working group. Neurotherapeutics, 13, 403\u2013417.","journal-title":"What we know and what we need to know: findings from a national working group. Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000429"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16501960410023732"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.08.299"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2013.793398"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2010.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4070"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000055"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1516"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2611"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000120025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181ccc8b4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5243"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.3284"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/Neuropsychiatry.1000184"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-018-0495-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16501960410023877"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6360"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HTR.0000300226.67748.3e"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12068"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu391"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002697"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-008-0202-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1442"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520460115022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940410028406"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","unstructured":"Larsson J . (2018). eulerr: area-proportional Euler and Venn diagrams with ellipses. R package version. 3. https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/package=eulerr (Last accessed June30 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/378726"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2519"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","article-title":"Differences in sleep between concussed and nonconcussed college students: a matched case-control study","author":"Hoffman N.L.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hoffman N.L., , O'Connor P.J., , Schmidt M.D., , Lynall R.C., , and Schmidt J.D. (2018). Differences in sleep between concussed and nonconcussed college students: a matched case-control study. Sleep 42, zsy222.","journal-title":"Sleep 42,"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004205"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(97)00002-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","first-page":"e6616","article-title":"The role of circadian misalignment due to insomnia, lack of sleep, and shift work in increasing the risk of cardiac diseases: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Khan S.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khan S., , Malik B., , Gupta D., , and Rutkofsky I. (2012). The role of circadian misalignment due to insomnia, lack of sleep, and shift work in increasing the risk of cardiac diseases: a systematic review. Cureus, 12, e6616.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2018-105621"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.4288"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838007303196"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199009000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23783"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00125"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e31829ddd08"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9156-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00468"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-313093"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25413"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsy147"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513510389"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000119"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsx062"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2014.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4958"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2018.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-151296"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000222"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_2","volume-title":"Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata","author":"Rabe-Hesketh S.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rabe-Hesketh S., , and Skrondal A. (2008). Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata. StataCorp LP: College Station, TX."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000258672.52836.30"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.5598"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12282"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2019.1578223"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2017.09.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/87565641.2017.1334785"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.10.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617716000497"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6898","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6898","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6898","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:35:44Z","timestamp":1777674944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6898"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/neu.2019.6898"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2019.6898","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-7151","1557-9042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-7151","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]}}}