{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:39:16Z","timestamp":1777927156625,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The current sports concussion assessment paradigm lacks reliability, has learning effects, and is not sufficiently challenging for athletes. As a result, subtle deficits in sensorimotor function may be unidentified, increasing the risk of future injury. This study examined if the inertial-sensor instrumented Y Balance test could capture concussion-induced alterations in dynamic movement control. A cohort of 226 elite Rugby Union, American football, and ice hockey athletes were evaluated using the inertial-sensor instrumented Y balance test. Dynamic balance performance was quantified using normalized reach distance, jerk magnitude root-mean-squared (Jerk Mag RMS), and gyroscope magnitude sample entropy (Gyro Mag SEn). Concussed athletes who consented to follow-up were evaluated 24 to 48\u2009h post-injury, and at the point of return to full contact training (RTP). Seventeen athletes sustained a concussion and consented to both the 24- to 48-h and RTP follow-up testing. Twenty uninjured control athletes were re-tested 6 months following initial screening. Concussed athletes had reductions in normalized reach distance (Cohens D\u2009=\u20090.66-1.16) and Jerk Mag (Cohens D\u2009=\u20090.57-1.14) 24 to 48\u2009h post-injury, which returned to pre-injury levels by the point of RTP. There was no significant difference in performance between the baseline and 6-month follow-up in the 20 uninjured athletes (Cohens D\u2009=\u20090.06-0.51). There was a statistically significant linear association between Jerk Mag RMS 24 to 48\u2009h post-injury and the natural log of RTP duration (R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.27 to 0.33). These results indicate that concussed athletes possessed alterations in dynamic movement control 24 to 48\u2009h post-concussion, which typically returns to pre-injury levels by the point of RTP. Further, evaluation of dynamic movement control 24 to 48\u2009h post-injury may aid in the evaluation of recovery prognosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T05:18:47Z","timestamp":1589260727000},"page":"2549-2557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Concussion Recovery Evaluation Using the Inertial Sensor Instrumented Y Balance Test"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"William","family":"Johnston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Center for Data Analytics, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland."},{"name":"School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Heiderscheit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."},{"name":"Badger Athletic Performance, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Garrett","family":"Coughlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connacht Rugby, Galway, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rod","family":"McLoughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Rugby Football Union, Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mairead","family":"Liston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Rugby Football Union, Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Alison","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."},{"name":"Badger Athletic Performance, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Caulfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Center for Data Analytics, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland."},{"name":"School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515610537"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","unstructured":"Rugby Football Union. (2015). 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