{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:52:29Z","timestamp":1790005949432,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Video surveillance and detection of players with visible signs of concussion by experienced medical staff facilitates rapid on-field screening of suspected concussion in professional sports. This method, however has not been validated in community sports where video footage is unavailable. This study aimed to explore the utility of visible signs of concussion to identify players with decrements in performance on concussion screening measures. In this observational prospective cohort study, personnel with basic training observed live matches across a season (60 matches) of community male and female Australian football for signs of concussion outlined in the community-based Head Injury Assessment form (HIAf). Players identified to have positive signs of concussion (CoSign+) following an impact were compared with players without signs (CoSign-). Outcome measures, the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT3) and Cogstate, were administered at baseline and post-match. CoSign+ (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200922) and CoSign- (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200961) groups were similar with respect to age, sex, education, baseline mood, and medical history. CoSign+ players exhibited worse orientation, concentration, and recall, and slower reaction time in attention and working memory tasks. Comparing individual change from baseline to post-match assessment revealed 100% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 84\u2013100%) of CoSign+ players demonstrated clinically significant deficits on SCAT3 or Cogstate tasks, compared with 59% (95% CI: 46\u201371%) of CoSign- players. All CoSign+ players observed to have a blank\/vacant look demonstrated clinically significant decline on the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC). Detection of visible signs of concussion represents a rapid, real-time method for screening players suspected of concussion in community sports where video technology and medical personnel are rarely present. Consistent with community guidelines, it is recommended that all CoSign+ players be immediately removed from play for further concussion screening.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:26:52Z","timestamp":1615163212000},"page":"122-130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Visible Signs of Concussion and Cognitive Screening in Community Sports"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Reyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biswadev","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Makdissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Austin Campus, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Olympic Park Sports Medicine Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Clifton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Football League, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack V. K.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Harcourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Football League, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa S.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey V.","family":"Rosenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Surgery, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan P.","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University &amp; Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Willmott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-100628"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1565203"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyaa072"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097090"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","first-page":"102","article-title":"What do coaches want to know about sports-related concussion?","volume":"7","author":"Sullivan L.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sullivan L., , and Molcho M. (2018). What do coaches want to know about sports-related concussion?. A needs assessment study. J. Sport Health Sci. 7, 102\u2013108.","journal-title":"A needs assessment study. J. Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092785"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2019.1565897"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63954-7.00016-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","author":"Lee J.H.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee J.H., , Howell D.R., , Meehan W.P., , Iverson G.L., , and Gardner A.J. (2017). Effects of exercise on sport concussion assessment tool-third edition performance in professional athletes. Orthop. J. Sports Med. 5, [Epub ahead of print].","journal-title":"Orthop. J. 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