{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:40:18Z","timestamp":1777927218109,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Persons living with spinal cord injury (SCI) are potentially at risk for severe COVID-19 disease given that they often have decreased lung capacity and may lack the ability to effectively evacuate their lungs. Known risk factors for negative outcomes after COVID-19, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, disproportionally affect people with SCI and raise concerns for the mortality risk among persons with SCI. A rapid systematic review of English, Spanish, Portuguese, and Chinese literature on COVID-19 and SCI was performed using the keywords \u201cspinal cord injury\u201d and \u201cCOVID-19.\u201d We included studies that provided information on clinical presentation, characteristics, course, and outcomes of COVID-19 disease in SCI. We excluded studies on patients who did not have an SCI before severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection or did not report clinical information. We included 10 studies in total: nine studies with a total of 171 patients and a survey study of 783 healthcare professionals. Fever (74%), cough (52%), and dyspnea (33%) were the most frequently reported symptoms, and 63% showed abnormalities on X-ray imaging. In the included case series and reports (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200931), only 1 patient required mechanical ventilation, but 3 patients died (10%). The mortality rate in a large registry study (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009140) was 19%. Clinical presentation of COVID-19 in SCI patients was similar to the general population, and though adverse events and intensive care unit admission were low, the mortality rate was high (10\u201319%). No prognostic factors for severe disease or mortality could be identified. Registration (PROSPERO): CRD42020196565.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T16:42:35Z","timestamp":1611765755000},"page":"1242-1250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["COVID-19 and Spinal Cord Injury: Clinical Presentation, Clinical Course, and Clinical Outcomes: A Rapid Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Bob","family":"Hoogenes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands."},{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Quer\u00e9e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Townson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"G.F. 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