{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:31:40Z","timestamp":1789050700116,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Arterial stiffness, as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), is elevated after spinal cord injury (SCI). In the uninjured population, exercise training has been shown to reduce arterial stiffness. In a randomized, multi-center clinical trial, we evaluated the impact of two exercise interventions on cardiovascular disease risk factors in persons with chronic SCI. A total of 46 adults with motor-complete SCI with neurological levels of injury between the fourth cervical and sixth thoracic spinal cord segments (C4-T6) were randomly assigned to either body-weight\u2013supported treadmill training (BWSTT) or arm-cycle ergometer training (ACET). Participants trained 3 days per week for 24 weeks. Exercise session duration progressed gradually to reach 30 and 60\u2009min for ACET and BWSTT, respectively. The primary outcome was arterial stiffness, assessed by cfPWV, and was measured at baseline, 12 weeks of training, and at 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic health measures and were measured before and after completion of training. Fourteen participants per intervention arm completed the exercise intervention. Our results show no effect of either exercise intervention on arterial stiffness (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.07) and cardiometabolic health measures (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.36). However, peak oxygen uptake increased with ACET compared with BWSTT (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.04). The findings of this trial demonstrate that although 24 weeks of upper-body exercise improved CRF in persons with motor-complete SCI \u2265T6, neither intervention resulted in improvements in arterial stiffness or cardiometabolic health measures.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT01718977.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2021.0071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T13:04:07Z","timestamp":1627391047000},"page":"3020-3029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Exercise Improves Cardiorespiratory Fitness, but Not Arterial Health, after Spinal Cord Injury: The CHOICES Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Abdullah A.","family":"Alrashidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom E.","family":"Nightingale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."},{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine D.","family":"Currie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, British Columbia, 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