{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T15:25:48Z","timestamp":1793114748175,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In this prospective cohort study, we investigated associations between acute diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) metrics and persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) 3 months after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Adult patients with mTBI (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009176) and community controls (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200978) underwent 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 72\u2009h post-injury, estimation of cognitive reserve at 2 weeks, and PPCS assessment at 3 months. Eight DTI and DKI metrics were examined with Tract-Based Spatial Statistics. Analyses were performed in the total sample in uncomplicated mTBI only (i.e., without lesions on clinical MRI), and with cognitive reserve both controlled for and not. Patients with PPCS (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200935) had lower fractional anisotropy (in 2.7% of all voxels) and kurtosis fractional anisotropy (in 6.9% of all voxels), and higher radial diffusivity (in 0.3% of all voxels), than patients without PPCS (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009141). In uncomplicated mTBI, only fractional anisotropy was significantly lower in patients with PPCS. Compared with controls, patients with PPCS had widespread deviations in all diffusion metrics. When including cognitive reserve as a covariate, no significant differences in diffusion metrics between patients with and without PPCS were present, but patients with PPCS still had significantly higher mean, radial, and axial diffusivity than controls. In conclusion, patients who developed PPCS had poorer white matter microstructural integrity acutely after the injury, compared with patients who recovered and healthy controls. Differences became less pronounced when cognitive reserve was controlled for, suggesting that pre-existing individual differences in axonal integrity accounted for some of the observed differences.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2021.0074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T02:31:03Z","timestamp":1618540263000},"page":"2560-2571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Acute Diffusion Tensor and Kurtosis Imaging and Outcome following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Jonas","family":"Stenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Live","family":"Eikenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent G\u00f8ran","family":"Moen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nord-Tr\u00f8ndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Vik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asta K.","family":"H\u00e5berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toril","family":"Skandsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway."},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, 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