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Psychometric network analysis is a useful approach to investigate the role of specific symptoms in connecting these two disorders and is well suited to explore their interrelatedness. This study applied network analysis to examine the associations among PTSD and TBI symptoms in a sample of Service Members and Veterans (SM\/Vs) with a history of TBI one year after injury. Responses to the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and PTSD Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C) were obtained from participants who completed comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation services across five Veterans Affairs polytrauma rehabilitation centers. Participants (N\u2009=\u2009612) were 93.1% male with an average age of 36.98 years at injury. The analysis produced a stable network. Within the NSI symptom groups, the frustration symptom was an important bridge between the affective and cognitive TBI symptoms. The PCL-C nodes formed their own small cluster with hyperarousal yielding connections with the affective, cognitive, and somatic symptom groups. Consistent with this observation, the hyperarousal node had the second strongest bridge centrality in the network. Hyperarousal appears to play a key role in holding together this network of distress and thus represents a prime target for intervention among individuals with elevated symptoms of PTSD and a history of TBI. Network analysis offers an empirical approach to visualizing and quantifying the associations among symptoms. The identification of symptoms that are central to connecting multiple conditions can inform diagnostic precision and treatment selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2021.0200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T12:25:09Z","timestamp":1634300709000},"page":"3332-3340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Network Analysis of Neurobehavioral and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms One Year after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Veterans Affairs Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Daniel W.","family":"Klyce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Sheltering Arms Institute, Central Virginia VA Health Care System, Richmond, Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel J.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul B.","family":"Perrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Department of Psychology and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie D.","family":"Agtarap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Craig Hospital, Englewood, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob A.","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation &amp; Extended Care Patient Service Line, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota\u2013Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon B.","family":"Juengst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA."},{"name":"Brain Injury Research Center, TIRR Memorial Herman, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Dams-O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CB","family":"Eagye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Richmond, Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffanie A.","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Richmond, Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce, S.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Polytrauma System of Care, Palo Alto, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Bombardier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","first-page":"DC","article-title":"VA\/DoD clinical practice guidlines for the management of concussion-mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)","author":"The Management of Concussion-mild Traumatic Brain Injury Working Group","year":"2016","unstructured":"The Management of Concussion-mild Traumatic Brain Injury Working Group. 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