{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:42:11Z","timestamp":1777927331052,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"15-16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Early targeted heart rate (HR) aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce the duration of recovery from sport-related concussion (SRC) as well as the incidence of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). It is not known, however, if more severe oculomotor and vestibular presentations of SRC benefit from a prescription of aerobic exercise. The current study is an exploratory analysis of two published randomized controlled trials that compared aerobic exercise within 10 days of injury with a placebo-like stretching intervention. Combining the two studies yielded a larger sample size to stratify severity of concussion based on the number of abnormal physical examination signs present at the initial office evaluation, which were confirmed with self-reported symptoms and recovery outcomes. The most discriminant cut-off was between those who had \u22643 oculomotor and vestibular signs and those who had &gt;3 signs. Aerobic exercise (hazard ratio\u2009=\u20090.621 [0.412, 0.936],\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.023) reduced recovery times even when controlling for site (hazard ratio\u2009=\u20090.461 [0.303, 0.701],\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), severity (hazard ratio\u2009=\u20090.528 [0.325, 0.858],\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.010) and the interaction term of intervention and severity (hazard ratio\u2009=\u20090.972 [0.495, 1.909],\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.935). Adolescents who presented with &gt;3 signs and were assigned to the placebo-like stretching group had a PPCS incidence of 38%, which was the highest of all subgroups (aerobic exercise and \u22643 findings: 8%; stretching and \u22643 findings: 11%; aerobic exercise and &gt;3 findings: 21%). This exploratory study provides pilot evidence that prescribed sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise treatment early after SRC may be effective for adolescents with more oculomotor and vestibular physical examination signs and should be validated in future adequately powered trials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2022.0225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T12:01:32Z","timestamp":1678276892000},"page":"1718-1729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Adolescents With More Oculomotor and Vestibular Signs of Sport-Related Concussion Benefit from Aerobic Exercise: An Exploratory Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Cathlyn","family":"Corrado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry S.","family":"Willer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob I.","family":"McPherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eileen P.","family":"Storey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christiana Care, Medicine-Pediatrics Residency Program, Newark, Delaware, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sue Ann","family":"Sisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina L.","family":"Master","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas J.","family":"Wiebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathew F.","family":"Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebekah C.","family":"Mannix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Injury Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William P.","family":"Meehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Injury Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Leddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad N.","family":"Haider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097699"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1538"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2014.965207"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haider MN Willer B Leddy J et al. 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