{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T15:15:39Z","timestamp":1784042139860,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"17-18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Changes in demography and injury patterns have altered the profile and outcome of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) over time. This study sought to describe recent trends in epidemiology and early clinical outcomes using the multi-center North American Clinical Trial Network (NACTN) for Spinal Cord Injury Registry. All participants with blunt acute traumatic SCI (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009782) were grouped into three five-year time intervals from 2005 to 2019 (2005\u20132009, 2010\u20132014, and 2015\u20132019). Baseline demographics, clinical scores, medical co-morbidities, as well as early clinical outcomes were extracted. Categorical and continuous variables were analyzed to determine between-group differences. Subgroup analysis was performed for participants &lt;50 and \u226550 years of age. Over the duration of the study period, there was an increase in age at presentation (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0077) as well as a greater incidence of falls as the mechanism of injury. Participants who were \u226550 years of age were more likely to sustain incomplete SCI (&lt;0.0003) and central cord syndrome (&lt; 0.0001). In the most recent period (2015\u20132019), a greater proportion of NACTN participants underwent surgery within 24\u2009h of injury (63% vs. 41% vs. 41%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0001). There was a statistically significant increase in cardiac complications (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and decrease in pulmonary complications (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) during the study period. Data from the NACTN registry shows that the age of participants with acute SCI is increasing, falls have become the major mechanism of injury, and central cord injury is becoming increasingly prevalent. While early surgical intervention for acute SCI is more common in recent years, cardiac complications are more prevalent while pulmonary complications are less prevalent.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2022.0410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T06:25:03Z","timestamp":1669789503000},"page":"1948-1958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evolving Profile of Acute Spinal Cord Injury Demographics, Outcomes, and Surgical Treatment in North America: Analysis of a Prospective Multi-Center Dataset of 989 Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Aditya","family":"Vedantam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Ugiliweneza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D.","family":"Guest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James S.","family":"Harrop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pensylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Tator","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bizhan A.","family":"Aarabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Fehlings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shekar N.","family":"Kurpad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris J.","family":"Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31822e5ff8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.6250"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/62.2.180"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2015.167"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06498-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7415"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0196-0644(96)70085-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000430319.32247.7f"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217703387"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.4.AOSPINE1294"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.2969"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318276f64b"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032037"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","first-page":"1453","article-title":"Current concepts in the immediate management of acute spinal cord injuries","volume":"121","author":"Tator CH","year":"1979","unstructured":"Tator CH, , Rowed DW. Current concepts in the immediate management of acute spinal cord injuries. 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