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This scoping review examined the existing literature to understand the relationships between sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in persons with SCI and TBI, and to identify gaps in the literature. A systematic search of seven databases was conducted. The findings of 30 eligible studies reporting associations between sleep quality and depression and\/or anxiety after SCI or TBI were synthesized. The included studies were mostly cross-sectional and employed a range of subjective and objective measures of sleep quality. Poor subjective sleep quality and insomnia tended to be significantly associated with increased levels of depression and\/or anxiety, but no such associations were reported when sleep quality was measured objectively. Two longitudinal studies observed worsening depressive symptoms over time were related to insomnia and persistent sleep complaints. Two interventional studies found that treating sleep problems improved symptoms of depression and anxiety. The findings of this review suggest that sleep and psychopathology are related in persons with neurotraumatic injuries. This has important therapeutic implications, because individuals may benefit from therapy targeting both sleep and psychological issues. More longitudinal and interventional studies are warranted to further understand the direction and strength of the relationships and how they impact patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2023.0033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T14:36:46Z","timestamp":1693492606000},"page":"13-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Understanding the Relationships Between Sleep Quality and Depression and Anxiety in Neurotrauma: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Krisha","family":"Saravanan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Downey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbey","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda L.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayon, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Berlowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marnie","family":"Graco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30444-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7760"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2014.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.115"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4252"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"The bidirectional nature of sleep problems and psychopathology","volume":"17","author":"Jackson ML","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jackson ML, , Bartlett D. 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