{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T22:42:16Z","timestamp":1789512136008,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Repetitive head impacts (RHIs) from football are associated with the neurodegenerative tauopathy chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). It is unclear whether a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is sufficient to precipitate CTE neuropathology. We examined the association between TBI and CTE neuropathology in 580 deceased individuals exposed to RHIs from football. TBI history was assessed using a modified version of the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method Short Form administered to informants. There were 22 donors who had no TBI, 213 who had at least one TBI without loss of consciousness (LOC), 345 who had TBI with LOC, and, of those with a history of TBI with LOC, 36 who had at least one moderate-to-severe TBI (msTBI, LOC &gt;30\u2009min). CTE neuropathology was diagnosed in 405. There was no association between CTE neuropathology status or severity and TBI with LOC (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20090.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20090.64\u20131.41; OR\u2009=\u20091.22, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.71\u20132.09) or msTBI (OR\u2009=\u20090.70, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.33\u20131.50; OR\u2009=\u20091.01, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.30\u20133.41). There were no associations with other neurodegenerative or cerebrovascular pathologies examined. TBI with LOC and msTBI were not associated with CTE neuropathology in this sample of brain donors exposed to RHIs from American football.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2023.0391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T04:13:16Z","timestamp":1709698396000},"page":"1399-1408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Lack of Association of Informant-Reported Traumatic Brain Injury and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Julia E.","family":"Culhane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen E.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yorghos","family":"Tripodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Nowinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Concussion Legacy Foundation, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Dams-O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Pettway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Uretsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bobak","family":"Abdolmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas I.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigid","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Daneshvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee E.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Departments of Biomedical, Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering, Boston University College of Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil W.","family":"Kowall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Cantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Concussion Legacy Foundation, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand Russell","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Crary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."},{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence &amp; Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."},{"name":"Neuropathology Brain Bank &amp; Research Core, Friedman Brain Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Framingham Heart Study, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thor D.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, BU CTE Center, Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"VA 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