{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:46:27Z","timestamp":1777927587763,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633564800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurotrauma Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Although neuroimaging studies of collision (COLL) sport athletes demonstrate alterations in brain structure and function from pre- to post-season, reliable tools to detect behavioral\/cognitive change relevant to functional networks associated with participation in collision sports are lacking. This study evaluated the use of eye-movement testing to detect change in cognitive and sensorimotor processing among male club collegiate athletes after one season of participation in collision sports of variable exposure. We predicted that COLL (High Dose [hockey],\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098; Low Dose [rugby],\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099) would demonstrate longer reaction times (antisaccade and memory-guided saccade [MGS] latencies), increased inhibitory errors (antisaccade error rate), and poorer spatial working memory (MGS spatial accuracy) at post-season, relative to pre-season, whereas non-collision collegiate athletes (NON-COLL;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200917) would remain stable. We also predicted that whereas eye-movement performance would detect pre- to post-season change, ImPACT (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test) performance would remain stable. Our data showed that NON-COLL had shorter (improved performance) post- versus pre-season antisaccade and MGS latencies, whereas COLL groups showed stable, longer, or attenuated reduction in latency (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    s\u2009\u2264\u20090.001). Groups did not differ in antisaccade error rate. On the MGS task, NON-COLL demonstrated improved spatial accuracy over time, whereas COLL groups showed reduced spatial accuracy (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05, uncorrected). No differential change was observed on ImPACT. This study provides preliminary evidence for eye-movement testing as a sensitive marker of subtle changes in attentional control and working memory resulting from participation in sports with varying levels of subconcussive exposure.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2021.0030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T18:32:19Z","timestamp":1633631539000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Eye Movements Detect Differential Change after Participation in Male Collegiate Collision versus Non-Collision Sports"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Virginia T.","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, UVA Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prianka","family":"Murthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Stocks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Vesci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Mjaanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yufen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Imaging, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans C.","family":"Breiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"LaBella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Ann &amp; Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy A.","family":"Herrold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2018.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097699"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.2396"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9164-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2016.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Is chronic traumatic encephalopathy a real disease?","volume":"13","author":"Randolph C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Randolph C. 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