{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:47:10Z","timestamp":1777927630570,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurotrauma Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and concussions are prevalent in collision sports, and there is evidence that levels of exposure to such sports may increase the risk of neurological abnormalities. Elevated levels of fluid-based biomarkers have been observed after concussions or among athletes with a history of participating in collision sports, and certain biomarkers exhibit sensitivity toward neurodegeneration. This study investigated a cohort of 28 male amateur athletes competing in \u201cMasters\u201d competitions for persons &gt;35 years of age. The primary objective of this study was to compare the levels of blood and saliva biomarkers associated with brain injury, inflammation, aging, and neurodegeneration between athletes with an extensive history of collision sport participation (i.e., median\u2009=\u200927 years; interquartile range\u2009=\u200918\u201344, minimum\u2009=\u20098) and those with no history. Plasma proteins associated with neural damage and neurodegeneration were measured using Simoa\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    assays, and saliva was analyzed for markers associated with inflammation and telomere length using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. There were no significant differences between collision and non-collision sport athletes for plasma levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1, tau, tau phosphorylated at threonine 181, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Moreover, salivary levels of genes associated with inflammation and telomere length were similar between groups. There were no significant differences between groups in symptom frequency or severity on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool\u20135th Edition. Overall, these findings provide preliminary evidence that biomarkers associated with neural tissue damage, neurodegeneration, and inflammation may not exhibit significant alterations in asymptomatic amateur athletes with an extensive history of amateur collision sport participation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2023.0086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T11:23:23Z","timestamp":1706700203000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigating the Association Between Extended Participation in Collision Sports and Fluid Biomarkers Among Masters Athletes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Lauren P.","family":"Giesler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia F.","family":"Symons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Salberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gershon","family":"Spitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robb","family":"Wesselingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terence J.","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richelle","family":"Mychasiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandy R.","family":"Shultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Health Sciences, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"Orchard J Seward H Orchard MJ. 2012. AFL injury report. Australian Football League: Docklands Australia; 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2020.1856631"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2009.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738110383963"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097791"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.127"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.19771"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-020-00256-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0348-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7479"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007864"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-014-0319-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.198964"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90273-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2017.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2059700220975609"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20496"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.549624"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2022-001327"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","unstructured":"Australian Football League. What to Expect\u2014fun safe inclusive footy for men & women over 25. AFL Masters: Spotswood VIC Australia; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/aflmasters.com.au\/what-to-expect\/ [Last accessed: July1 2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738117726070"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-01093-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01813-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-327788"}],"container-title":["Neurotrauma Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/neur.2023.0086","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neur.2023.0086","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/neur.2023.0086","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:48:48Z","timestamp":1777675728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/neur.2023.0086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/neur.2023.0086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neur.2023.0086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2689-288X","2689-288X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2689-288X","type":"print"},{"value":"2689-288X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"article-number":"neur.2023.0086"}}