{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:54:36Z","timestamp":1777928076450,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are genetic markers with practical applications in human identification. However, where mass identification is required (e.g., in the aftermath of disasters with significant fatalities), the efficiency of the process could be improved with new statistical approaches. Clustering applications are relatively new tools for large-scale comparative genotyping, and the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -Approximate Modal Haplotype (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH), an efficient algorithm for clustering large-scale Y-STR data, represents a promising method for developing these tools. In this study we improved the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH and produced three new algorithms: the N\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH I (including a new initial cluster center selection), the N\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH II (including a new dominant weighting value), and the N\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH III (combining I and II). The N\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH III was the superior algorithm, with mean clustering accuracy that increased in four out of six datasets and remained at 100% in the other two. Additionally, the N\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH III achieved a 2% higher overall mean clustering accuracy score than the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH, as well as optimal accuracy for all datasets (0.84\u20131.00). With inclusion of the two new methods, the N\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                    -AMH III produced an optimal solution for clustering Y-STR data; thus, the algorithm has potential for further development towards fully automatic clustering of any large-scale genotypic data.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2014.0136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T15:21:05Z","timestamp":1430925665000},"page":"361-367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Towards Development of Clustering Applications for Large-Scale Comparative Genotyping and Kinship Analysis Using Y-Short Tandem Repeats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Seman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)","place":["Malaysia"]},{"name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azizian Mohd","family":"Sapawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd Zaki","family":"Salleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(00)00482-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-002-0320-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5200322"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009769707641"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/91.784206"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5131(03)01661-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2008.88"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJGCRSIS.2009.026727"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"World Library and Information Congress: 71st IFLA General Conference and Council","author":"Perego UA","year":"2005","unstructured":"Perego UA. (2005). The power of DNA: Discovering lost and hidden relationships. World Library and Information Congress: 71st IFLA General Conference and Council, 1\u201319."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004140000201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7167\/2013\/364725"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","first-page":"1531","article-title":"Attribute value weighting in k-Modes clustering for Y-Short Tandem Repeats (Y-STR) surname","volume":"1","author":"Seman A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Seman A, , Abu Bakar Z, , and Mohd Sapawi A. (2010a). Attribute value weighting in k-Modes clustering for Y-Short Tandem Repeats (Y-STR) surname. Intl Symp Information Technol (ITSim \u201810), 1, 1531\u20131536.","journal-title":"Intl Symp Information Technol (ITSim \u201810)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/INFRKM.2010.5466953","article-title":"Centre-based clustering for Y-Short Tandem Repeats (Y-STR) as numerical and categorical data","volume":"1","author":"Seman A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Seman A, , Abu Bakar Z, , and Mohd Sapawi A. (2010b). Centre-based clustering for Y-Short Tandem Repeats (Y-STR) as numerical and categorical data. Intl Conf Information Retrieval Knowledge Manag (CAMP \u201810), 1, 28\u201333.","journal-title":"Intl Conf Information Retrieval Knowledge Manag (CAMP \u201810)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Centre-based hard and soft clustering approaches for Y-STR data","volume":"6","author":"Seman A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Seman A, , Abu Bakar Z, , and Mohd Sapawi A. (2010c). Centre-based hard and soft clustering approaches for Y-STR data. J Genet Geneal, 6, 1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Genet Geneal"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOS.2010.5720055"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/jpb.1000290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0708-56","article-title":"Traces of the distant past","volume":"299","author":"Stix G","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stix G. (2008). Traces of the distant past. Sci Am, 299, 56\u201363.","journal-title":"Sci Am"}],"container-title":["OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/omi.2014.0136","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/omi.2014.0136","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/omi.2014.0136","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:59:19Z","timestamp":1777676359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/omi.2014.0136"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/omi.2014.0136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/omi.2014.0136","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-2310","1557-8100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-2310","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]}}}