{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:53:09Z","timestamp":1777927989002,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pentatrichomonas hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an anaerobic flagellated protist that colonizes the large intestine of a number of mammals, including cats, dogs, nonhuman primates, and humans. The wide host range of this organism is alarming and suggests a rising zoonotic emergency. However, knowledge on in-depth biology of this protist is still limited. Similar to the human pathogen,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    possesses hydrogenosomes instead of mitochondria. Studies in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    indicated that hydrogenosome is essential for cell survival and associated with numerous pivotal biological functions, including drug resistance. To further decipher the biology of this important organelle, we undertook proteomic research in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    hydrogenosomes. Lacking a decoded\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    genome, we utilized an RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data set generated from\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    axenic culture as the reference for proteome analysis. Using this in-house reference data set and mass spectrometry (MS), we identified 442 putative hydrogenosomal proteins. Interestingly, the composition of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    hydrogenosomal proteins is very similar to that of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but proteins such as Hmp36, Pam16, Pam18, and Isd11 are absent based on both MS and the RNA-seq. Our data underscore that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    expresses different homologs of multiple gene families from\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . To the best of our knowledge, we present here the first hydrogenosome proteome in a protist other than\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. vaginali<\/jats:italic>\n                    s that offers crucial new scholarship for global health, therapeutics, diagnostics, and veterinary medicine research. In addition, the research strategy used here using RNA sequencing and proteomics might inform future multi-omics research in other understudied organisms without decoded genomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2016.0111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,9]],"date-time":"2016-11-09T16:35:54Z","timestamp":1478709354000},"page":"662-669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Responding to a Zoonotic Emergency with Multi-omics Research:\n                    <i>Pentatrichomonas hominis<\/i>\n                    Hydrogenosomal Protein Characterization with Use of RNA Sequencing and Proteomics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yi-Kai","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chang Gung University","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Chang Gung 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