{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:00:58Z","timestamp":1777928458731,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Patients with cystic fibrosis are experimenting with inhaling essential oils (scientifically described as random plant-derived secondary metabolites) through diffusers or nebulizers as a form of natural therapy to treat chronic lung infections.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies are starting to be published on the effects of essential oils (cinnamon, clove, oregano, and thyme) on bacteria commonly found in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. There are no clinical studies and therefore no data are available on a potential placebo effect. There is a potential risk of lipoid pneumonia with inhaling essential oils, although no case reports have been published. There is also potential for pesticide exposure, particularly with peppermint oil. Treating providers are encouraged to include discussion of the use of herbal and other natural remedies with their patients and patient caregivers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ped.2017.0805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,10]],"date-time":"2018-08-10T00:34:15Z","timestamp":1533861255000},"page":"186-188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Inhaling Essential Oils: Purported Benefits and Harms"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Blake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pharmacogenomics and Translational Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hengameh","family":"Raissy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New Mexico","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Essential Oils: Long on history short on evidence 2014. https:\/\/abreathofreason.com\/tag\/essential-oils\/#_edn8 (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Aromatherapy and Essential Oils (PDQ\u00ae). Health Professional Version. National Cancer Institute 2017. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmedhealth\/PMH0032645 (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Aromatherapy. U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2016. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/cosmetics\/productsingredients\/products\/ucm127054.htm (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/573518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Stephens J. What's the difference between a Nebulizer and a Diffuser? What is best for therapeutic benefit?. 2006. http:\/\/www.uniquescentedproducts.com\/what-s-the-difference-between-a-nebulizer-and-a-diffuser-.html (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Inhaling Essential Oils. 2014. www.cfnaturalhealth.com\/blog\/inhaling-essential-oils (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"doTERRA Essential Oils. CysticLife. Real. Positive. Community. CysticLife 2013. https:\/\/cysticlife.org\/QuestionsProfile.php?id=6543 (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Child With Cystic Fibrosis Had Pseudomonas & MRSA. Oil-Testimonials.com 2013. www.oil-testimonials.com\/essential-oils\/8119\/child-with-cystic-fibrosis-had-pseudomonas-and-mrsa (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1968"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"861","article-title":"Essential oil from Origanum vulgare completely inhibits the growth of multidrug-resistant cystic fibrosis pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Pesavento G","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pesavento G, , Maggini V, , Maida I, et al. Essential oil from Origanum vulgare completely inhibits the growth of multidrug-resistant cystic fibrosis pathogens. Nat Prod Commun, 2016; 11:861\u2013864.","journal-title":"Nat Prod Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201500974"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation's Peppermint Oil in Nebulizers Warning Well-Founded But Teen Researcher's Findings Merit Further Investigation. BioNews Services LLC 2015. https:\/\/cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com\/2014\/05\/16\/cystic-fibrosis-foundations-peppermint-oil-nebulizers-warning-well-founded-teen-researchers-findings-merit-investigation (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","unstructured":"CF Foundation Recommends Against Using Peppermint Oil in Nebulizer Cystic Fibrosis Foundation 2014. https:\/\/www.cff.org\/News\/News-Archive\/2014\/CF-Foundation-Recommends-Against-Using-Peppermint-Oil-in-Nebulizer (accessed July9 2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"335","article-title":"Exogenous lipoid pneumona: Importance of a thorough history","volume":"53","author":"Self TH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Self TH, , Sakaan S, , Abou-Shala N. Exogenous lipoid pneumona: Importance of a thorough history. Consultant, 2013; 53:335\u2013336.","journal-title":"Consultant"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"131","article-title":"Pesticide residues in essential oils: Evaluation of a database","volume":"2015","author":"Klier B","year":"2015","unstructured":"Klier B, , Knodler M, , Peschke J, , Riegert U, , Steinhoff B. Pesticide residues in essential oils: Evaluation of a database. 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