{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:01:37Z","timestamp":1777928497515,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The parameters of lung sounds have been suggested as biomarkers of airway changes. Using a commercially available lung sound analyzer, we investigated the characteristics of the lung sounds in infants with acute respiratory infection (ARI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Infants with ARI who were 6 to 18 months of age were included in this study. The lung sound parameters, the ratio of the third area and fourth areas to the total area under the curve of the sound spectrum (A\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/A\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      and B\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/A\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), and the ratio of power and frequency at 75% and 50% of the highest frequency of the power spectrum (RPF\n                      <jats:sub>75<\/jats:sub>\n                      and RPF\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) were evaluated. With an original Japanese questionnaire based on American Thoracic Society-Division of Lung Disease, the risk factors of asthma development in infants were examined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred ten infants with ARI and 248 infants in good health for comparison were included. All infants were completely analyzed, and then divided into 2 age groups for a stratification analysis (6\u201312 and 13\u201318 months). In the overall analysis, among infants with a history of wheezing, recurrent wheezing, allergy, and atopic dermatitis, the values of RPF\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      of infants with ARI were significantly lower compared with those without ARI. In the 6- to 12-month-old group, the RPF\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      values of atopy-positive infants with ARI were lower compared with those without ARI (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lung sounds of the infants with asthma-developing risk factors were more affected by ARI than those of infants without risk factors. Analyzing the changes in the lung sounds induced by ARI may be useful for evaluating the characteristics of the airways in infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/ped.2019.1131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T16:40:57Z","timestamp":1600706457000},"page":"147-154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Lung Sound Analysis in Infants with Risk Factors for Asthma During Acute Respiratory Infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Ishizu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Shioya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Tadaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fusae","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uchida Iin Y Child Clinic, Yokohama, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Shimotsuga-gun, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Enseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Tabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Niimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Furuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Clinical Science and Public Health, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuichi","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigemi","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Shimotsuga-gun, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"Japanese Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Guidelines for the Treatment and Management of Pediatric Bronchial Asthma 2017 (Japanese). Tokyo: Kyowa Kikaku 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma. 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