{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:30:22Z","timestamp":1790857822869,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":138,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has evolved considerably since its first description over 50 years ago. This review aims to provide a historical framework for conceptualizing BPD and a current understanding of the changing definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and outcomes of BPD. The transdisciplinary approach that led to the initial phenotypic description of BPD continues to hold promise today. Investigators are refining the definition of BPD in light of changes in clinical care and increasing survival rates of very preterm infants. Despite improvements in perinatal care the incidence of BPD continues to increase. There is growing recognition that antenatal risk factors play a key role in the development of BPD. Strategies designed to prevent or limit neonatal lung injury continue to evolve. Defining the phenotype of infants with BPD can meaningfully direct treatment. Infants with BPD benefit from an interdisciplinary approach to longitudinal care with a focus on growth and neurocognitive development. While the ultimate impact of BPD on long-term pulmonary morbidity remains an active area of investigation, current data indicate that most children and adolescents with a history of BPD have a quality of life comparable to that of other preterm infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ped.2020.1205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T16:40:57Z","timestamp":1600706457000},"page":"99-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Then, Now, and Next"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Tracy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Cornfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196702162760701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.10244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-95-23156"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"517","article-title":"Surface properties in relation to atelectasis and hyaline membrane disease","volume":"97","author":"Avery ME","year":"1959","unstructured":"Avery ME, , Mead J. Surface properties in relation to atelectasis and hyaline membrane disease. AMA J Dis Child, 1959; 97:517\u2013523.","journal-title":"AMA J Dis Child"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"167","article-title":"Epidemiology of hyaline membrane disease in the United States: analysis of national mortality statistics","volume":"58","author":"Farrell PM","year":"1976","unstructured":"Farrell PM, , Wood RE. Epidemiology of hyaline membrane disease in the United States: analysis of national mortality statistics. Pediatrics, 1976; 58:167\u2013176.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.4.nhlb1-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0450515"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.50.4.515"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)90489-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90483-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"730","article-title":"Prenatal dexamethasone treatment in conjunction with rescue therapy of human surfactant: a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter study","volume":"93","author":"Kari MA","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kari MA, , Eronen M, , Virtanen M, et al. Prenatal dexamethasone treatment in conjunction with rescue therapy of human surfactant: a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter study. Pediatrics, 1994; 93:730\u2013736.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"694","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: unresolved neonatal acute lung injury","volume":"132","author":"O'Brodovich HM","year":"1985","unstructured":"O'Brodovich HM, , Mellins RB. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: unresolved neonatal acute lung injury. Am Rev Respir Dis, 1985; 132:694\u2013709.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.82.4.527"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(98)90280-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199912000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2011060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.06.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.10.082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201812-2348OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.4141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.4396"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201612-2414OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2018.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17189"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00294.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2012.164"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2014.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.210187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2018.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000344"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.07.099"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.08.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.20-4-e189"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for preventing morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants","volume":"001243","author":"Subramaniam P","year":"2016","unstructured":"Subramaniam P, , Ho JJ, , Davis PG. Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for preventing morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016; CD001243. DOI: 10.1002\/14651858.CD001243.pub3.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","first-page":"CD001456","article-title":"Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Bahadue FL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bahadue FL, , Soll R. Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2012; 11:CD001456.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","first-page":"CD003666","article-title":"Volume-targeted versus pressure-limited ventilation in neonates","volume":"10","author":"Klingenberg C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Klingenberg C, , Wheeler KI, , McCallion N, et al. Volume-targeted versus pressure-limited ventilation in neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017; 10:CD003666.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","first-page":"CD000501","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short-and long-term morbidity in very low birth weight infants","volume":"2016","author":"Darlow BA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Darlow BA, , Graham P, , Rojas-Reyes MX. Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short-and long-term morbidity in very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016; 2016:CD000501.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.12.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","first-page":"CD010941","article-title":"Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants","volume":"1","author":"Onland W","year":"2017","unstructured":"Onland W, , De Jaegere A, , Offringa M, et al. Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017; 1:CD010941.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","first-page":"CD002058","article-title":"Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates","volume":"10","author":"Shah SS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shah SS, , Ohlsson A, , Halliday HL, et al. Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017; 10:CD002058.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","first-page":"CD001146","article-title":"Early (< 8 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants","volume":"10","author":"Doyle LW","year":"2017","unstructured":"Doyle LW, , Cheong JL, , Ehrenkranz RA, et al. Early (< 8 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017; 10:CD001146.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00202-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","first-page":"CD001145","article-title":"Late (>7 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants","volume":"10","author":"Doyle LW","year":"2017","unstructured":"Doyle LW, , Cheong JL, , Ehrenkranz RA, et al. Late (>7 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017; 10:CD001145.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.04.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200902-0242OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200902-0179OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2013.176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.17-0126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201705-0925OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2018.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201906-1232OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201709-756FR"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201907-1342OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201702-178OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2015.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0280-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-3350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200403-298OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201406-285OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201508-553OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23919"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1700827"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.10.2109111c"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201305-124OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201506-1219OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201210-1850OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.05.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23921"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201711-2287OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0971"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2010.40.3.131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21693\/1933-088X-15.2.92"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2015.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201409-1594OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-14-68"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2018.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-2682-4.00021-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000757"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2990"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1943"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.141.1MA6.530"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0637"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_99_2","first-page":"155","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of an interdisciplinary ventilator care program intervention on survival of infants with ventilator-dependent bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"34","author":"Gien J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gien J, , Kinsella J, , Thrasher J, et al. Retrospective analysis of an interdisciplinary ventilator care program intervention on survival of infants with ventilator-dependent bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Perinatol, 2017; 34:155\u2013163.","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.4.779"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92966-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200310-1483OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0b013e318229be3d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201812-2276ST"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00788-2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-2956"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1368"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2015.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_110_2","first-page":"CD005389","article-title":"Fluid restriction for treatment of preterm infants with chronic lung disease","volume":"2","author":"Barrington KJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barrington KJ, , Fortin-Pellerin E, , Pennaforte T. Fluid restriction for treatment of preterm infants with chronic lung disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017; 2:CD005389.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.06.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-1061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-019-0372-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-317148"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1547326"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80602-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_119_2","first-page":"CD001453","article-title":"Intravenous or enteral loop diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease","volume":"2011","author":"Stewart A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stewart A, , Brion LP. Intravenous or enteral loop diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2011; 2011:CD001453.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_120_2","first-page":"CD001817","article-title":"Diuretics acting on the distal renal tubule for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease","volume":"2011","author":"Stewart A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stewart A, , Brion LP, , Ambrosio-Perez I. Diuretics acting on the distal renal tubule for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2011; 2011:CD001817.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1835"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_123_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Diuretic exposure in premature infants from 1997 to 2011","volume":"32","author":"Laughon MM","year":"2015","unstructured":"Laughon MM, , Chantala K, , Aliaga S, et al. Diuretic exposure in premature infants from 1997 to 2011. Am J Perinatol, 2015; 32:49\u201356.","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2014.141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_125_2","first-page":"CD003214","article-title":"Bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants","volume":"12","author":"Ng G","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ng G, , da Silva O, , Ohlsson A. Bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016; 12:CD003214.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2018.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2018.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2017.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1666"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-4064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.3.610"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1667378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201412-2142PP"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_135_2","first-page":"799","article-title":"Rehospitalization in the first year of life among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"144","author":"Smith VC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith VC, , Zupancic JA, , McCormick MC, et al. Rehospitalization in the first year of life among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Pediatr, 2004; 144:799\u2013803.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2016-208985"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000884"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30100-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0127-7"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/ped.2020.1205","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ped.2020.1205","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ped.2020.1205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:14:52Z","timestamp":1777677292000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/ped.2020.1205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":138,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/ped.2020.1205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ped.2020.1205","relation":{},"ISSN":["2151-321X","2151-3228"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2151-321X","type":"print"},{"value":"2151-3228","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}}}