{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T19:12:05Z","timestamp":1793041925592,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]],"date-time":"2006-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1138752000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"\n Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n The aim of this study was to investigate if low-level laser therapy (LLLT) can modulate acute inflammation and tumor necrosis factor (TNF\u03b1) levels.\n Background Data:<\/jats:italic>\n Drug therapy with TNF\u03b1-inhibitors has become standard treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, but it is unknown if LLLT can reduce or modulate TNF\u03b1 levels in inflammatory disorders.\n Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n Two controlled animal studies were undertaken, with 35 male Wistar rats randomly divided into five groups each. Rabbit antiserum to ovalbumin was instilled intrabronchially in one of the lobes, followed by the intravenous injection of 10 mg of ovalbumin in 0.5 mL to induce acute lung injury. The first study served to define the time profile of TNF\u03b1 activity for the first 4 h, while the second study compared three different LLLT doses to a control group and a chlorpromazine group at a timepoint where TNF\u03b1 activity was increased. The rats in LLLT groups were irradiated within 5 min at the site of injury by a 650-nm Ga-Al-As laser.\n Results:<\/jats:italic>\n There was a time-lag before TNF\u03b1 activity increased after BSA injection. TNF\u03b1 levels increased from \u22646.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6\u20138.2) units\/mL in the first 3 h to 62.1 (95% CI, 60.8\u201363.4) units\/mL (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) at 4 h. An LLLT dose of 0.11 Joules administered with a power density of 31.3 mW\/cm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n in 42 sec significantly reduced TNF\u03b1 level to 50.2 (95% CI, 49.4\u201351.0),\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01 units\/mL versus control. Chlorpromazine reduced TNF\u03b1 level to 45.3 (95% CI, 44.0\u201346.6) units\/mL,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001 versus control.\n Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n LLLT can reduce TNF\u03b1 expression after acute immunocomplex lung injury in rats, but LLLT dose appears to be critical for reducing TNF\u03b1 release.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2006.24.33","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,27]],"date-time":"2006-02-27T11:14:30Z","timestamp":1141038870000},"page":"33-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":240,"title":["Low-Level Laser Therapy Induces Dose-Dependent Reduction of TNF\u03b1 Levels in Acute Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Aimbire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Fluorescence, IP&D UNIVAP R. Shishima Hifumi, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Albertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Fluorescence, IP&D UNIVAP R. Shishima Hifumi, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.T.T.","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Fluorescence, IP&D UNIVAP R. Shishima Hifumi, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.C.","family":"Castro-Faria-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacodynamics, IOC, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.S.L.M.","family":"Leonardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phototherapy of Inflammation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.V.","family":"Iversen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.A.B.","family":"Lopes-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phototherapy of Inflammation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Bjordal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Physiotherapy Science, Institute of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pho.2006.24.33","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pho.2006.24.33","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:23:45Z","timestamp":1777677825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/pho.2006.24.33"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/pho.2006.24.33"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pho.2006.24.33","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-5418","1557-8550"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-5418","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8550","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]}}}