{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:19:44Z","timestamp":1792264784868,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The goal of this study was to analyze the effects of low level laser irradiation treatment and conservative treatment on gingival inflammation.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    It is widely accepted today that the primary etiological factor for the onset of periodontitis is dental plaque, although the exact mechanism of damage remains unknown. Inflammation is a basic response of periodontal tissue to damage and serves as a fast first line of defense against damage and infections. The treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis has gone through various stages: from the simplest, classical treatment methods, through improved radical interventions, to a new era marked by laser technology. Low level laser irradiation has an anti-inflammatory effect, both general and local.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Materials and methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The research was done on patients who had chronic periodontal disease (mild periodontitis) with expressed clinical symptoms of gingival inflammation. All patients in the study underwent conservative treatment. After conservative therapy, the patients from the experimental group were subjected to 10 low level laser treatment sessions. Both groups underwent regular follow-up visits 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment, which involved only clinical examination using plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing index (BOP index).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    A considerable decrease in all three indexes after the application of both therapies was noticed. The follow-up visits revealed the difference in index values. With laser therapy, the values of indexes decreased steadily, whereas with conservative therapy they increased up to a certain point, but did not reach the pre-therapy values.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    A general conclusion can be drawn that low level laser irradiation (semiconductor, 670\u2009nm) can be used as a successful physical adjuvant method of treatment, which, together with traditional periodontal therapy, leads to better and longer-lasting therapeutic results.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2008.2301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,22]],"date-time":"2009-11-22T21:12:46Z","timestamp":1258924366000},"page":"69-74","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["The Effects of Low Level Laser Irradiation on Gingival Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Pejcic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nis","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Draginja","family":"Kojovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nis","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ljiljana","family":"Kesic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nis","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radmila","family":"Obradovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nis","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Periodontal diagnosis and diagnostic aids; consensus report, in: Proceedings of the World Workshop in Clinical Periodonics, American Academy of Periodontology","volume":"3","author":"Caton J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Caton J. 1989. 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