{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:13:52Z","timestamp":1777929232135,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    In mid-February 1986, Peter Ascher and Daniel Choy performed the first percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) procedure at the Neurosurgical Department, University of Graz, Graz, Austria. It was planned to deliver 1000\u2009J of energy with an Nd:YAG laser to a herniated L4\u2013L5 disc causing sciatica. At 600\u2009J the procedure was terminated because the pain was gone.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background Data:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Since then PLDD has spread all over the world, with procedures being performed on the entire spine except for T1\u2013T4 because these discs do not permit percutaneous access with a needle. The success rate has ranged from 70\u201389%, and the complication rate, chiefly discitis, ranges from 0.3\u20131.0%. When successful, average time to return to normal activities is 1\u2009wk. Long-term follow-up at 23\u2009y yields a recurrence rate of 4\u20135%.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Laser surgeons active in PLDD were canvassed to obtain their best clinical data.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    PLDD patients treated with the Nd:YAG laser, the diode laser, and the combination Ho:YAG laser and endoscope were included.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The McNab results for the three groups indicate that PLDD is safe, effective, and minimally invasive.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,5]],"date-time":"2009-05-05T10:56:51Z","timestamp":1241521011000},"page":"535-538","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["23rd Anniversary of Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression (PLDD)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Daniel S.J.","family":"Choy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Spine Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Hellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isar Klinikin","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Hellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isar Klinikin","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gian Paolo","family":"Tassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Casa Di Cura Villa Anna","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wooridul Spine Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]]},"container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pho.2009.2512","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pho.2009.2512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:29:58Z","timestamp":1777678198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/pho.2009.2512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/pho.2009.2512"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pho.2009.2512","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-5418","1557-8550"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-5418","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8550","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}}}