{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:15:27Z","timestamp":1784074527436,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aim:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The aim of this study was to evaluate, by light microscopy, the effects of laser phototherapy (LPT) at 780\u2009nm or a combination of 660 and 790\u2009nm, on the inflammatory process of the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) induced by carrageen.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are frequent in the population and generally present an inflammatory component. Previous studies have evidenced positive effects of laser phototherapy on TMDs. However, its mechanism of action on the inflammation of the TMJ is not known yet.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Materials and Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Eighty-five Wistar rats were divided into 9 groups: G1, Saline; G2, Saline\u2009+\u2009LPT IR; G3, Saline\u2009+\u2009LPT IR\u2009+\u2009R; G4, Carrageenan; G5, Carrageenan\u2009+\u2009LPT IR; G6, Carrageenan\u2009+\u2009LPT IR\u2009+\u2009R; G7, previous LPT\u2009+\u2009Carrageenan; G8, previous LPT\u2009+\u2009carrageenan\u2009+\u2009LPT IR; and G9, previous LPT\u2009+\u2009carrageenan\u2009+\u2009LPT IR\u2009+\u2009R, and then subdivided in subgroups of 3 and 7 days. After animal death, specimens were taken, routinely cut and stained with HE, Sirius Red, and Toluidine Blue. Descriptive analysis of components of the TMJ was done. The synovial cell layers were counted.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Injection of saline did not produced inflammatory reaction and the irradiated groups did not present differences compared to nonirradiated ones. After carrageenan injection, intense inflammatory infiltration and synovial cell layers proliferation were observed. The infrared irradiated group presented less inflammation and less synovial cell layers number compared to other groups. Previous laser irradiation did not improve the results.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    It was concluded that the LPT presented positive effects on inflammatory infiltration reduction and accelerated the inflammation process, mainly with IR laser irradiation. The number of synovial cell layers was reduced on irradiated group.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,4]],"date-time":"2011-04-04T00:07:13Z","timestamp":1301875633000},"page":"245-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Evaluation of Laser Phototherapy in the Inflammatory Process of the Rat's TMJ Induced by Carrageenan"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Carolina Montagn","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Bahia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana A.","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Bahia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando P.","family":"dos Santos Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Bahia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle Cardoso Vieira","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Bahia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds Andrade","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Bahia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via Oliveira","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Gualberto","family":"de Cerqueira Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9 P.","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Bahia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean N.","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Bahia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio L. 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