{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:45:23Z","timestamp":1790671523794,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a LED phototherapy prototype apparatus in the healing of nipple trauma in breastfeeding women.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background data:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    There is no scientific evidence of an effective treatment for nipple trauma.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The experimental group was treated with orientation on nipple care and adequate breastfeeding techniques in addition to active LED phototherapy. The control group was treated with orientation on nipple care and adequate breastfeeding techniques in addition to placebo LED phototherapy. Participants were treated twice a week, for a total of eight sessions. Healing of the nipple lesions was measured by a reduction in their area, and decrease in pain intensity was measured in accordance with an 11-point Pain Intensity Numerical Rating Scale and a standard 7-point patient global impression of change.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Statistically significant reductions in measured nipple lesion area (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001) were observed for both the experimental and control groups with an increase in the number of treatment sessions. A significant difference between the experimental and control groups was observed for the healing of nipple lesions (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). The pain intensity was significantly reduced only in the experimental group (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Preliminary results demonstrated the prototype apparatus for LED phototherapy to be an effective tool in accelerating the healing of nipple trauma.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2011.3119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,27]],"date-time":"2012-01-27T18:02:26Z","timestamp":1327687346000},"page":"172-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["LED Phototherapy Improves Healing of Nipple Trauma: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Maria Em\u00edlia de Abreu","family":"Chaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lica Rodrigues","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de Minas Gerais","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suellen Fons\u00eaca","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Pinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro Soares","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.2223\/1252","article-title":"Recommendations for breastfeeding during maternal infections","volume":"80","author":"Lamounier J.A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lamounier J.A., , Moulin Z.S., , Xavier C.C. 2004. 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