{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:47:50Z","timestamp":1790912870354,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal treatment with and without Nd:YAG laser (NDL) applications in smoking and nonsmoking patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (CP).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Materials and methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The study population consisted of 52 patients with generalized moderate CP. The study compared the clinical effects of scaling and root planing (SRP) and SRP plus NDL in periodontal pockets measuring between 4 and 6\u2009mm of smoking and nonsmoking patients with CP. The study patients were divided into four groups: Group 1: test teeth in smoker patients (ST;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =52 teeth); Group 2: placebo teeth in smoker patients (SP;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =52 teeth); Group 3: test teeth in nonsmoker patients (NST;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =52 teeth); and Group 4: placebo teeth in nonsmoker patients (NSP;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =52 teeth). Clinical examinations were performed immediately before SRP (the baseline) as well as 1 month (R1) and 6 months (R2) after treatment.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The recovery for pocket depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume in the NST group was higher than in both smoker groups (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05). Additionally, the changes for each of these parameters in the NSP group were higher than for the SP group (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05) at R1 and R2. SRP plus NDL application versus SRP application alone did not lead to significant differences in any clinical parameters or in GCF volume between the two groups of patients who smoked (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt;0.05), whereas statistically significant differences existed for PD between nonsmoker groups at R1 and R2 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Our results supported the idea that NDL applications provide additional benefits in the periodontal treatment of smokers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2011.3184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,13]],"date-time":"2012-06-13T10:15:05Z","timestamp":1339582505000},"page":"360-366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Clinical Effects of Nd:YAG Laser Applications During Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment in Smoking and Nonsmoking Patients with Chronic Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Abubekir","family":"Eltas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inonu University","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Recep","family":"Orbak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ataturk University","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"53","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2010.00353.x","article-title":"Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis","volume":"2000","author":"Armitage G.C.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Armitage G.C., , Cullinan M.P. 2010. Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol, 2000,53:12\u201327.","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0906-6713.2002.003421.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345700490020401"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"S44","article-title":"Smoking and periodontal disease","volume":"54","author":"Zee K.Y.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zee K.Y. 2009. Smoking and periodontal disease. Aust. Dent. J., 54,Suppl 1:S44\u201350.","journal-title":"Aust. Dent. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"545","article-title":"Tobacco use as a risk factor","volume":"65","author":"Bergstrom J.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bergstrom J., , Preber H. 1994. Tobacco use as a risk factor. J. Periodontol., 65:545\u2013550.","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00585.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028005377.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry","author":"Lang N.P.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lang N.P. 2008. Modifiying factors. Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, 1 Lindhe J., , Lang N.P., , Karring T. Iowa: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 307\u2013322."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.1999.260808.x","article-title":"Tobacco smoking and supragingival dental calculus","volume":"26","author":"Bergstr\u00f6m J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bergstr\u00f6m J. 1999. Tobacco smoking and supragingival dental calculus. J. Clin. Periodontol., 26:541\u2013547.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"issue":"36","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2004.03676.x","article-title":"Effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on hard and soft tissues","volume":"2000","author":"Adriaens P.A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Adriaens P.A., , Adriaens L.M. 2004. Effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on hard and soft tissues. Periodontol, 2000,36:121\u2013145.","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.2003.8.1.99"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00218.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of subgingival instrumentation with power-driven instruments in the hands of experienced and inexperienced operators","volume":"24","author":"Kocher T.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kocher T., , Ruehling A., , Momsen H., , Plagmann H.C. 1997. Effectiveness of subgingival instrumentation with power-driven instruments in the hands of experienced and inexperienced operators. A study on manikins. J. Clin. Periodontol., 24:498\u2013504.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1988.59.8.493"},{"issue":"36","key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2004.03679.x","article-title":"Lasers in nonsurgical periodontal therapy","volume":"2000","author":"Aoki A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aoki A., , Sasaki K.M., , Watanabe H., , Ishikawa I. 2004. Lasers in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Periodontol, 2000,36:59\u201397.","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01259.x","article-title":"Laser application in non-surgical periodontal therapy: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Schwarz F.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schwarz F., , Aoki A., , Becker J., , Sculean A. 2008. Laser application in non-surgical periodontal therapy: a systematic review. J. Clin. Periodontol., 35S:29\u201344.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080571","article-title":"The effect of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser in non-surgical periodontal therapy","volume":"80","author":"Slot D.E.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Slot D.E., , Kranendonk A.A., , Paraskevas S., , Van der Weijden F. 2009. The effect of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser in non-surgical periodontal therapy. J. Periodontol., 80:1041\u20131056.","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9101(1997)21:4<395::AID-LSM11>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Periodontal tissue regeneration in Beagle dogs after laser therapy","volume":"21","author":"Crespi R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Crespi R., , Covani U., , Margarone J.E., , Andreana S. 1997. Periodontal tissue regeneration in Beagle dogs after laser therapy. Lasers Surg. Med., 21:395\u2013402.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2002.73.10.1231","article-title":"Lasers in periodontics","volume":"73","author":"Research, Science, Therapy Committee of the American Academy of Periodontology","year":"2002","unstructured":"Research, Science, Therapy Committee of the American Academy of Periodontology. 2002. Lasers in periodontics. J. Periodontol., 73:1231\u20131239.","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/clm.1994.12.103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.3.255","article-title":"Intrapulpal temperatures during pulsed Nd:YAG laser treatment of dentin in vitro","volume":"65","author":"White J.M.","year":"1994","unstructured":"White J.M., , Fagan M.C., , Goodis H.E. 1994. Intrapulpal temperatures during pulsed Nd:YAG laser treatment of dentin in vitro. J. Periodontol., 65:255\u2013259.","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-8532(22)01317-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.11.1276"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.2.175","article-title":"Effects of Nd:YAG and CO2 laser treatment and ultrasonic scaling on periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients","volume":"74","author":"Miyazaki A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Miyazaki A., , Yamaguchi T., , Nishikata J., , Okuda K., , Suda S., , Orima K. et al. 2003. Effects of Nd:YAG and CO2 laser treatment and ultrasonic scaling on periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients. J. Periodontol., 74:175\u2013180.","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050417","article-title":"Lasers in periodontics: a review of the literature","volume":"77","author":"Cobb C.M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cobb C.M. 2006. Lasers in periodontics: a review of the literature. J. Periodontol., 77:545\u2013564.","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2006.2067","article-title":"Effect of the diode laser on bacteremia associated with dental ultrasonic scaling: a clinical and microbiological study","volume":"25","author":"Mohammad A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mohammad A., , Yilmaz S., , Kuru B., , Ipci S.D., , Noyun U., , Kadir T. 2007. Effect of the diode laser on bacteremia associated with dental ultrasonic scaling: a clinical and microbiological study. Photomed. Laser Surg., 25:250\u2013256.","journal-title":"Photomed. Laser Surg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00749.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/25.7.607","article-title":"3H-nicotine, 3H-flunitrazepam, and 3H-cocaine incorporation into melanin: a model for the examination of drug\u2013melanin interactions","volume":"25","author":"Claffey D.J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Claffey D.J., , Stout P.R., , Ruth J.A. 2001. 3H-nicotine, 3H-flunitrazepam, and 3H-cocaine incorporation into melanin: a model for the examination of drug\u2013melanin interactions. J. Anal. Toxicol., 25:607\u2013611.","journal-title":"J. Anal. Toxicol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0906-6713.2002.003421.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00427.x","article-title":"Correlation analysis for clinical and gingival crevicular fluid parameters at anatomically related gingival sites","volume":"18","author":"Lamster I.B.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lamster I.B., , Oshrain R.L., , Celenti R., , Levine K., , Fine J.B. 1991. Correlation analysis for clinical and gingival crevicular fluid parameters at anatomically related gingival sites. J. Clin. Periodontol., 18:272\u2013277.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-010-0795-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2006.00981.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1996.67.2.93","article-title":"Longterm evaluation of periodontal therapy: I. Response to 4 therapeutic modalities","volume":"67","author":"Kaldahl W. B.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kaldahl W. B., , Kalkwarf K.L., , Patil K.D., , Molvar M. P., , Dyer J.K. 1996. Longterm evaluation of periodontal therapy: I. Response to 4 therapeutic modalities. J. Periodontol., 67:93\u2013102.","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.12.1194"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-011-0939-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.090700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-010-0807-8","article-title":"Long-term effects of a single application of a water-cooled pulsed Nd:YAG laser in supplement to scaling and root planing in patients with periodontal inflammation","volume":"26","author":"Qadri T.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Qadri T., , Javed F., , Poddani P., , Tun\u00e9r J., , Gustafsson A. 2011. Long-term effects of a single application of a water-cooled pulsed Nd:YAG laser in supplement to scaling and root planing in patients with periodontal inflammation. Lasers Med Sci, 26:763\u2013766.","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01695.x","article-title":"Adjunctive effect of a water-cooled Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of chronic periodontitis","volume":"38","author":"Slot D.E.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Slot D.E., , Kranendonk A.A., , Van der Reijden W.A., , Van Winkelhoff A.J., , Rosema N.A., , Schulein W.H. et al. 2011. Adjunctive effect of a water-cooled Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol., 38:470\u2013478.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02421.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1996.67.6.589","article-title":"A multi-center clinical trial of a new chairside test in distinguishing between diseased and healthy periodontal sites. II. Association between site type and test outcome before and after therapy","volume":"67","author":"Magnusson I","year":"1996","unstructured":"Magnusson I, , Persson RG, , Page R.C., , DeRouen T.A., , Crawford J.M., , Cohen R.L. et al. 1996. A multi-center clinical trial of a new chairside test in distinguishing between diseased and healthy periodontal sites. II. Association between site type and test outcome before and after therapy. J Periodontol., 67:589\u2013596.","journal-title":"J Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2001.036004227.x","article-title":"Humoral immune response in early-onset periodontitis: influence of smoking","volume":"36","author":"Mooney J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mooney J., , Hodge P.J., , Kinane D.F. 2001. Humoral immune response in early-onset periodontitis: influence of smoking. J. Periodont. Res., 36:227\u2013232.","journal-title":"J. Periodont. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.1.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2002.290502.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(81)90071-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2000.027006417.x","article-title":"Microbial comparison of smoker and non-smoker adult and earlyonset periodontitis patients by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"27","author":"Darby I.B.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Darby I.B., , Hodge P.J., , Riggio M.P., , Kinane D.F. 2000. Microbial comparison of smoker and non-smoker adult and earlyonset periodontitis patients by polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Periodontol., 27:417\u2013424.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1999.tb02218.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","first-page":"12","volume-title":"Oral Disease","author":"Cawson R.A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cawson R.A., , Binnie W.H., , Barrett A.W., , Wright J.M. 2001. Melanomas and other pigmentations. Oral Disease, 3rd. St. Louis: Mosbychap. 1112.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1996.tb00248.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345940730120801"}],"container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/pho.2011.3184","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pho.2011.3184","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pho.2011.3184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:34:11Z","timestamp":1777678451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/pho.2011.3184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/pho.2011.3184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pho.2011.3184","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-5418","1557-8550"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-5418","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8550","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}}}