{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:17:07Z","timestamp":1777929427394,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">:<\/jats:italic>\n                    The purpose of this report was to describe a clinical case of conservative management of extensive proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) using a carbon dioxide laser, as an alternative to complete glossectomy, which led to a sustained successful outcome over a 12-year follow-up period.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background data:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients with oral PVL, a high risk premalignant condition, are often treated by wide surgical excision. This approach can lead to significant morbidity and compromised quality of life.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Case description:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    A 50-year-old male with PVL and superficially invasive carcinoma, who had previously refused a complete glossectomy, presented for treatment. A baseline MRI and careful clinical evaluation by symptom review, inspection, palpation, toluidine blue staining, and biopsy were performed at baseline and at each follow-up to rule out invasive carcinoma. The PVL was treated on an outpatient basis by serial carbon dioxide laser excisions and\/or vaporizations. This approach resulted in good clinical response and decreased morbidity over a 12-year follow-up period, as compared with the option of wide surgical excision.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    This case illustrates the benefit of a more conservative treatment approach than wide surgical excision for PVL with superficially invasive carcinoma. This approach requires greater skills, training, and experience in the evaluation of oral premalignant or malignant changes. However, decreased long-term morbidity and improved quality of life make it a valuable treatment option for PVL.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2012.3414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,8]],"date-time":"2013-03-08T10:40:32Z","timestamp":1362739232000},"page":"183-187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Case Report of Conservative Management of Extensive Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia Using a Carbon Dioxide Laser"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Nita","family":"Chainani-Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"},{"name":"Oral Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Purnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Sol","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(85)90313-5","article-title":"Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. A long-term study of thirty patients","volume":"60","author":"Hansen L.S.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hansen L.S., , Olson J.A., , Silverman S.Jr. 1985. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. A long-term study of thirty patients. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod., 60:285\u2013298.","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90062-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-8375(98)00049-9","article-title":"A prospective study on quality of life of patients with cancer of the oral cavity or oropharynx treated with surgery with or without radiotherapy","volume":"35","author":"Graeff A.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Graeff A., , Leeuw J.R.J., , Ros W.J.G. et al. 1999. A prospective study on quality of life of patients with cancer of the oral cavity or oropharynx treated with surgery with or without radiotherapy. Oral Oncol., 35:27\u201332.","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199710000-00005","article-title":"Survival, function, and quality of life after total glossectomy","volume":"107","author":"Ruhl C.M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ruhl C.M., , Gleich L.L., , Gluckman J.L. 1997. Survival, function, and quality of life after total glossectomy. Laryngoscope, 107:1316\u20131321.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512450881"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.03.544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(99)80201-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1991.01870170058013","article-title":"Functional results after total or near total glossectomy with laryngeal preservation","volume":"107","author":"Weber R.S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Weber R.S., , Ohlms L., , Bowman J. et al. 1991. Functional results after total or near total glossectomy with laryngeal preservation. Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg., 107:512\u2013515.","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. 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