{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:28:55Z","timestamp":1791206935073,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    As clinical studies conducted to explore the safety and efficacy of new procedures are considered an important focus in endodontic research, the aim of this controlled clinical study was to compare a laser-assisted endodontic treatment using an erbium, chromium:yttrium\u2013scandium\u2013gallium\u2013garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser and radial firing tips (RFT) versus the conventional use of 3% sodium hypochlorite and interim calcium hydroxide paste, in teeth with chronic apical periodontitis.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Forty-three single-rooted and premolar teeth were randomly assigned. In group 1, teeth were prepared and irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite and calcium hydroxide inter-appointment dressing was applied; in group 2 teeth were prepared with saline solution and irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser using RFT2 (140\u2009\u03bcs, 37.5\u2009mJ, 20\u2009Hz) and RFT3 (140\u2009\u03bcs, 62.5\u2009mJ, 20\u2009Hz) at the first and second appointments, respectively, four times each, moving at 2\u2009mm\/sec\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    from apical to coronal. The primary outcome measure was change in apical bone density at 12 months, using the periapical index (PAI) for blind radiographic assessment.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Thirty teeth were examined and subjected to statistical analysis, 12 in the control group and 18 in the test group. There were two treatment failures in the control group that were not included for analysis; both groups exhibited statistically significant decreases in PAI scores.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The present findings suggest that for single-rooted and premolar teeth, this laser-assisted protocol can achieve predictable endodontic outcomes, comparable to conventional strategies in 1 year of follow-up.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2013.3573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,13]],"date-time":"2013-12-13T13:21:18Z","timestamp":1386940878000},"page":"3-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Outcome of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-Assisted Treatment of Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: A Blind Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Miguel R.","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Porto","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel F.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Porto","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Pina-Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Porto","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Capelas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Porto","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Gutknecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aachen University","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.01.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00431-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2002.126163"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/01.don.0000148868.72833.62","article-title":"Comparison of the antimicrobial activity of six irrigants on primary endodontic pathogens","volume":"31","author":"Carson K.R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Carson K.R., , Goodell G.G., , and McClanahan S.B. 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