{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T02:20:01Z","timestamp":1790648401781,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum concentration of transforming growth factor-\u03b21 (TGF-\u03b21) after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in patients with hypothyroidism resulting from chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background data:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Certain data indicate that LLLT is effective in patients with hypothyroidism caused by CAT; however, the mechanisms of action of LLLT in thyroid tissue are unknown. Cytokines could play a role in the response to LLLT.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    A randomized, placebo-controlled trial included 43 patients with a history of levothyroxine therapy for CAT-induced hypothyroidism. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either 10 sessions of LLLT (830\u2009nm, 50\u2009mW output power, and 707\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    fluence; L group,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =23) or 10 sessions of a placebo treatment (P group,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =20) twice a week. Levothyroxine was maintained at the same dose during the entire study period. TGF-\u03b21 was measured both pre-intervention and 30 days post-intervention in both groups. The differences were calculated between the TGF-\u03b21 values observed 30 days post-intervention and the pre-intervention TGF-\u03b21 values for each group (intragroup).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Comparing the differences in TGF-\u03b21 levels between the L group (874.9\u00b1541.7\u2009pg\/mL) and the P group (\u2212128.4\u00b1832.8\u2009pg\/mL) revealed that there was a statistically significant increase in TGF-\u03b21 levels 30 days post-intervention in group L compared with the placebo group (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0379).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    This finding suggested that the significant increase in serum TGF-\u03b21 levels in patients with CAT-induced hypothyroidism was associated with the thyroid LLLT procedure. Future studies of the effect of LLLT on TGF-\u03b21 gene expression in thyroid tissue are necessary to confirm these findings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2014.3716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,7]],"date-time":"2014-08-07T15:05:06Z","timestamp":1407423906000},"page":"444-449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Serum TGF-\u03b21 Concentrations in Individuals with Autoimmune Thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Danilo B.","family":"H\u00f6fling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sao Paulo Medical School","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"University of Sao Paulo Medical School","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Chavantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sao Paulo Medical School","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena M. 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