{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:28:46Z","timestamp":1791206926277,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of active irrigation techniques: Erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-activated irrigation (LAI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), RinsEndo\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and conventional syringe irrigation, against intracanal\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Materials<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">and methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Root canals of 100 human extracted teeth were instrumented, sterilized in plasma, contaminated with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and incubated for 10 days. The samples were randomly distributed into four experimental groups (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =20 each): I: LAI by Er,Cr:YSGG (1.25\u2009W, 20\u2009Hz) for 4\u00d75\u2009sec; II. PUI for 60\u2009sec; III. RinsEndo\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    system for 60\u2009sec; IV. 30 gauge syringe irrigation for 60\u2009sec; and one positive control group (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =10). In all experimental groups, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was used as an irrigant, whereas the positive controls were rinsed with saline. The root canals were sampled by flushing with saline solution before and after the treatments, serially diluted, and cultured. The presence or absence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the root canals was checked by polymerase chain reaction.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    There were no differences among the three active irrigation techniques (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt;0.05), which were more effective than the conventional syringe irrigation (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    LAI, PUI, and RinsEndo were equally effective in the elimination of intracanal 10-day-old\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . However, LAI generated more negative bacterial samples, which warrants further investigations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2014.3767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,24]],"date-time":"2014-09-24T12:35:10Z","timestamp":1411562110000},"page":"600-605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Antimicrobial Efficacy of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-Activated Irrigation Compared with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation and RinsEndo\n                    <sup>\u00ae<\/sup>\n                    Against Intracanal\n                    <i>Enterococcus faecalis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ivona","family":"Bago Juri\u010d","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Medicine","place":["Croatia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanda","family":"Ple\u010dko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinical Hospital Centre","place":["Croatia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivica","family":"Ani\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Medicine","place":["Croatia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(87)80173-5","article-title":"Ultrasonic debridement of root canals: an insight into the mechanisms involved","volume":"13","author":"Ahmad M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ahmad M., , Pitt Ford T.R., , and Crum L.A. 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