{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:08:17Z","timestamp":1790892497527,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Results following anterior cervical discectomy (ACD) without fusion are not well reported because of skepticism that the disturbed cervical spine anatomy after ACD might compromise clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ACD without fusion prompts the degenerative process significantly, and whether it is necessary to preserve disc height and cervical alignment for the sake of better clinical outcome following cervical spine surgery.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background data:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Out of 56 consecutive patients, 37 patients who replied and consequently underwent postoperative MRI from April to June 2009 were included in this study.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Material and methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 37 consecutive patients diagnosed as having cervical monoradiculopathy and treated with percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD) were investigated. Angle of cervical lordosis, change in cervical range of motion, disc height change, and degree of degenerative changes at the corresponding level were evaluated. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score for neck and arm pain and the neck disability index (NDI) were compared preoperatively and at the final follow-up. The mean follow-up period was 45.5 months.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Despite prompted radiological deterioration such as loss of disc height (the posterior disc heights and central disc height ratio were significantly decreased from 3.6 to 2.6\u2009mm, from 30.3% to 24.5%, respectively,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05) or degenerative progression (from average grade of 2.8 to 4.1,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05), the patients achieved significant improvement in clinical outcomes (VAS for neck and arm dropped from mean 6.3 and 7.5 to 2.7 and 2.6, respectively, and NDI score improved from 46.8% to 17.2%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05) after PECD.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Neither loss of disc height nor progression of degeneration at disc space compromised clinical outcome after PECD without fusion on long-term follow-up.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2014.3806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,13]],"date-time":"2014-11-13T17:04:33Z","timestamp":1415898273000},"page":"663-668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Clinical and Radiographic Changes After Percutaneous Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy: A Long-Term Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"June Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wooridul Spine Hospital","place":["South Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wooridul Spine Hospital","place":["South Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690500495109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Anterior cervical discectomy: is fusion necessary?","volume":"90","author":"Dowd G.C.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dowd G.C., , and Wirth F.P. (1999). Anterior cervical discectomy: is fusion necessary?. J. Neurosurg., 90, 8\u201312.","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1976.44.3.0290","article-title":"Anterior cervical discectomy with and without interbody bone graft","volume":"44","author":"Martins A.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Martins A. (1976). Anterior cervical discectomy with and without interbody bone graft. J. Neurosurg., 44, 290\u2013295.","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298418","article-title":"Anterior discectomy without interbody fusion for cervical disc herniation","volume":"4","author":"Pointillart V.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pointillart V., , Cernier A., , Vital J.M., , and Senegas J. (1995). Anterior discectomy without interbody fusion for cervical disc herniation. Eur. Spine J., 4, 45\u201351.","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.59.2.0252","article-title":"Anterior cervical discectomy with and without fusion. A prospective study","volume":"59","author":"Rosenorn J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rosenorn J., , Hansen E.B., , and Rosenorn M.A. (1983). Anterior cervical discectomy with and without fusion. A prospective study. J. Neurosurg., 59, 252\u2013255.","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199807000-00032","article-title":"A prospective randomized study of anterior single level cervical disc operations with long-term follow-up: surgical fusion is unnecessary","volume":"43","author":"Savolainen S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Savolainen S., , Rinne J., , and Hernesniemi J. (1998). A prospective randomized study of anterior single level cervical disc operations with long-term follow-up: surgical fusion is unnecessary. Neurosurgery, 43, 51\u201355.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3680(18)30606-5","article-title":"Cervical disc herniations. The anterior approach to symptomatic interspace pathology","volume":"4","author":"Hadley M.N.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hadley M.N., , and Sonntag V.K. (1993). Cervical disc herniations. The anterior approach to symptomatic interspace pathology. Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am., 4, 45\u201352.","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Clin. N. 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Spine, 15, 189\u2013192.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31813c0e59"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.130.2.317"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-3063-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.112610","article-title":"Deuk Laser Disc Repair(\u00ae) is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic cervical disc disease","volume":"4","author":"Deukmedjian A.J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Deukmedjian A.J., , Jason Cutright S.T., , Augusto Cianciabella P.C., , and Deukmedjian A. (2013). Deuk Laser Disc Repair(\u00ae) is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic cervical disc disease. Surg. Neurol. Int., 4, 68.","journal-title":"Surg. Neurol. 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