{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:19:27Z","timestamp":1777929567769,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of cultured autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with scaffold and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the repair of articular cartilage defects in rabbits.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background data:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    For healing of the articular cartilage defects, although positive effects of BMSCs and LLLT have been demonstrated, their combination effect is still unknown; therefore, we investigated combining these two techniques has a synergistic effect.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Materials and methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    After bone marrow aspiration from 10 rabbits, BMSCs were isolated, cultured in monolayer, suspended on a type I collagen scaffold and then implanted onto a full-thickness osteochondral defect (4\u2009mm in diameter), artificially made on the patellar groove of both knees in the same rabbits. Then a knee was selected randomly in each rabbit as the experimental group, and subjected to Ga-Al-As (810\u2009nm) laser irradiation with energy density of 4\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    every other day for 3 weeks. As the control group, the other knee did not receive LLLT. After this period, animals were euthanized and osteochondral defects were evaluated by histomorphometric methods.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    No significant difference in new cartilage formation and inflammation was found between the groups (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p &gt;<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.05). However, there was significantly more new bone formation in the experimental group (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p &lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.05).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    In terms of our research, although better healing in osteochondral defects was seen when combining BMSCs and LLLT compared with the use of BMSCs alone, this improvement was predominantly caused by new bone formation rather than new cartilage formation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2015.4028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]],"date-time":"2016-04-08T13:36:56Z","timestamp":1460122616000},"page":"543-549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Effects of Photobiomodulation and Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Articular Cartilage Defects in a Rabbit Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Fekrazad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamadreza Baghaban","family":"Eslaminejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arman M.","family":"Shayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katayoun A.M.","family":"Kalhori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Pathologist, Iranian Medical Laser Association, Tehran, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh Mashhadi","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Taghiyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mir","family":"Sepehr Pedram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tehran","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa Sadeghi","family":"Ghuchani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Golestan University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1080\/17453670710014653","article-title":"Exogenous collagen-enhanced recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells during rabbit articular cartilage repair","volume":"78","author":"Kubo M","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kubo M, , Imai S, , Fujimiya M, et al. 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