{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:14:36Z","timestamp":1784675676312,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Bariatric surgery is a successful method for weight loss in cases of morbid obesity; however, as an invasive procedure, surgical complications may occur. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been increasingly used due to its effectiveness in controlling the inflammatory response, accelerating tissue repair, and reducing pain. The objective of this study was to investigate photobiomodulation effects after bariatric surgery and determine the laser actions during the inflammatory process, wound healing (clinical observation), and analgesia.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial in which 85 patients underwent Roux en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) by conventional techniques (i.e., open surgery). Patients were divided into two groups and were irradiated with LLLT at 10 different points through the surgical scar in three sessions of applications: the laser group (laser-on) consisted of 43 patients who received the CW diode laser (MMOptics), while the placebo group (laser-off) consisted of 42 patients who were treated by the same protocol but with a disabled laser. Temperature was measured by a digital thermometer in both groups, and pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scale for pain. Biochemical analysis and digital images were used to document and evaluate the inflammatory response as well as tissue repair process at the surgical wound site.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients in the laser group demonstrated diminished wound temperature as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) compared with the placebo group, indicating better inflammatory process control as well as improved wound healing and reduced pain.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    LLLT applied with the described protocol led to a decrease by biochemical markers and wound temperature compared with the placebo, which indicated that LLLT was able to control the inflammatory process; in addition, seroma and pain were reduced and cicatrization was improved by this preventive procedure.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2016.4149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,14]],"date-time":"2016-11-14T15:54:29Z","timestamp":1479138869000},"page":"580-584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Beneficial Effects of Applying Low-Level Laser Therapy to Surgical Wounds After Bariatric Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Alecsander R.","family":"Ojea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Nove de Julho","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Conjunto Hospitalar do Mandaqui","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otavio","family":"Madi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Nove de Julho","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Melillo L.","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conjunto Hospitalar do Mandaqui","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sizenando E.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conjunto Hospitalar do Mandaqui","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno T.","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conjunto Hospitalar do Mandaqui","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Juliana M.R.","family":"Ojea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conjunto Hospitalar do Mandaqui","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo L.","family":"Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Nove de Julho","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabricio S.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conjunto Hospitalar do Mandaqui","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella R.","family":"Zamuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Nove de Julho","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Chavantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Nove de Julho","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.14.1728-b","article-title":"Bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"293","author":"Buchwald H","year":"2005","unstructured":"Buchwald H. Bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA, 2005; 293:1728.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chavantes MC (ed.). Laser bio-medical. S\u00e3o Paulo: Atheneu 2009; 24:88\u201391.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-76382009000100017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0580-y","article-title":"Preventing epidural fibrosis with nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs","volume":"17","author":"Sandoval MA","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sandoval MA, , Hernandez-Vaquera D. Preventing epidural fibrosis with nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs. Eur Spine J, 2008; 17:451\u2013455.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effect of low-intensity laser radiation [in Russian]","volume":"2","author":"Karu T","year":"1988","unstructured":"Karu T. Molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effect of low-intensity laser radiation [in Russian]. Lasers Life Sci, 1988; 2:53\u201374.","journal-title":"Lasers Life Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"88","article-title":"New possibility low level laser therapy in acute power saphenectomy dehiscence: therapeutical proposal","volume":"24","author":"Pinto NC","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pinto NC, , Chavantes MC, , Stolf NG. New possibility low level laser therapy in acute power saphenectomy dehiscence: therapeutical proposal. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, 2008; 24:88\u201391.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2004.03.002","article-title":"Effects of different protocol doses of low-power gallium-aluminum-arsenate (Ga-Al-As) laser radiation (650\u2009nm) on carrageen-induced rat paw oedema","volume":"74","author":"Arbertini R","year":"2004","unstructured":"Arbertini R, et al. Effects of different protocol doses of low-power gallium-aluminum-arsenate (Ga-Al-As) laser radiation (650\u2009nm) on carrageen-induced rat paw oedema. J Photochem Photobiol B, 2004; 74:101\u2013107.","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Shoji N. Study on the effect of low intensity laser in dehiscence of the saphenous vein stripping post CABG. Dissertation S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos Brazil 2003."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-198905000-00015","article-title":"Photobiology of low power laser effects","volume":"56","author":"Karu T","year":"1989","unstructured":"Karu T. Photobiology of low power laser effects. 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Complications of surgery for severe obesity. In: Problems in General Surgery. Sugerman H, , Sopper N (eds.). Philadelphia, 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(05)70190-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1381\/096089299765553674","article-title":"Gastro-gastric fistulas and marginal ulcers in gastric bypass procedures for weight reduction","volume":"9","author":"Capella JF","year":"1999","unstructured":"Capella JF, , Capella A. Gastro-gastric fistulas and marginal ulcers in gastric bypass procedures for weight reduction. 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