{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:21:21Z","timestamp":1790803281234,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) applied directly on the eyelids and meibomian gland expression (MGX) in treating meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    IPL application on the periocular skin effectively improves meibomian gland secretion and tear film break-up time (TBUT) in patients with MGD\/dry eye.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    This prospective, randomized, double-masked, controlled study involved 44 patients. One eye was randomly selected for IPL treatment; the other served as a control. Study eyes received three IPL treatments at 4-week intervals; IPL was applied directly on the eyelids, and the eye was protected with a Jaeger lid plate. Control eyes received sham IPL treatments. Both eyes received MGX and artificial tears. Meibomian gland yielding secretion score (MGYSS), TBUT, Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED), cornea fluorescein staining (CFS), meibography, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and fundus examination were performed.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Compared to the baseline, MGYSS, TBUT, and SPEED and CFS scores improved in the study eyes, while only SPEED and CFS scores improved in the control eyes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for all). Changes in MGYSS and TBUT were higher in the study eyes than in the control eyes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), but changes in SPEED and CFS scores were similar (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). BCVA and IOP improved in both the study and control eyes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Five patients experienced mild pain and burning during IPL treatment. One patient suffered partial eyelash loss.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    IPL combined with MGX safely and effectively treated MGD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2017.4402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T14:58:56Z","timestamp":1524581936000},"page":"326-332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Intense Pulsed Light Applied Directly on Eyelids Combined with Meibomian Gland Expression to Treat Meibomian Gland Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Bei","family":"Rong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University First Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University First Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University First Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruixing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University First Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University First Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University First Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolando","family":"Toyos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toyos Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University First Hospital","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.04.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997e","article-title":"The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for MGD","volume":"52","author":"Schaumberg DA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schaumberg DA, , Nichols JJ, , Papas EB, et al. 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