{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:20:18Z","timestamp":1777929618143,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]],"date-time":"2018-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Unusual and exhaustive physical exercise can lead to muscle lesions depending on the type of contraction, intensity, duration, age, and level of conditioning. Different therapies have been proposed to prevent or reduce exercise-induced muscle damage.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    In this study, we investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy on skeletal muscle strain in an experimental model in rats.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Materials and methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Male Wistar rats (200\u2009g) were used. The animals were randomized into groups of six animals. We performed tibialis muscle elongation using a previously described protocol. The animals were anesthetized and submitted to passive stretching of the anterior tibial muscle attached to a weight corresponding to 150% of the body mass of the animal for 20\u2009min, rested for 3\u2009min, and received a second traction for 20\u2009min. The cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), IL-6, and IL-10, edema, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were determined in the tibialis anterior muscle.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Plasma extravasation of groups treated with different doses of laser energy, lesion +1\u2009J (2.61\u2009\u00b1\u20090.46), lesion +3\u2009J (2.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13), lesion +6\u2009J (2.92\u2009\u00b1\u20090.91), and lesion +9\u2009J (2.80\u2009\u00b1\u20090.55), shows a significant reduction of extravasation when compared with the injury group (5.46\u2009\u00b1\u20091.09). Laser therapy was able to significantly reduce CRP and cytokine levels (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and IL-10).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Laser photobiomodulation reduced skeletal muscle edema as well as cytokines and CRP, leading to a significant reduction in inflammatory markers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2018.4473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,10]],"date-time":"2018-08-10T17:18:30Z","timestamp":1533921510000},"page":"460-467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Characterization of Skeletal Muscle Strain Lesion Induced by Stretching in Rats: Effects of Laser Photobiomodulation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Luciano","family":"Ramos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Governador Jones dos Santos Neves","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Labat","family":"Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nove de Julho","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romildo","family":"Torres-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes (UMC)","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodney Capp","family":"Pallota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nove de Julho","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Magacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Governador Jones dos Santos Neves","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando Francisco Pazello","family":"Mafra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes (UMC)","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel Monteiro","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes (UMC)","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Leal de Paiva","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Sagrado Cora\u00e7\u00e3o","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan Magnus","family":"Bjordal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bergen","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Alvaro B.","family":"Lopes-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Vale do Para\u00edba (UNIVAP)","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"669","article-title":"Randomized controlled trials on the influence and mechanism of manipulation on delayed onset muscle soreness after eccentric exercise","volume":"22","author":"Xiong Y","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xiong Y, , Wu YC, , Jin HZ, , Gu YH. 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