{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:59:08Z","timestamp":1791871148316,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This proof-of-concept study was to investigate the relationship between photobiomodulation (PBM) and neuromuscular control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effects of concussion and repetitive head acceleration events (RHAEs) are associated with decreased motor control and balance. Simultaneous intranasal and transcranial PBM (itPBM) is emerging as a possible treatment for cognitive and psychological sequelae of brain injury with evidence of remote effects on other body systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 43 (39 male) participants, age 18\u201369 years (mean, 49.5; SD, 14.45), with a self-reported history of concussive and\/or RHAE and complaints of their related effects (e.g., mood dysregulation, impaired cognition, and poor sleep quality), completed baseline and posttreatment motor assessments including clinical reaction time, grip strength, grooved pegboard, and the Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test (MiniBEST). In the 8-week interim, participants self-administered itPBM treatments by wearing a headset comprising four near-infrared light-emitting diodes (LED) and a near-infrared LED nasal clip.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Posttreatment group averages in reaction time, MiniBEST reactive control subscores, and bilateral grip strength significantly improved with effect sizes of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">g<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.75,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">g<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.63,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">g<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.22 (dominant hand), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">g<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.34 (nondominant hand), respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides a framework for more robust studies and suggests that itPBM may serve as a noninvasive solution for improved neuromuscular health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2023.0178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T13:17:24Z","timestamp":1717766244000},"page":"404-413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Effect of Intranasal Plus Transcranial Photobiomodulation on Neuromuscular Control in Individuals with Repetitive Head Acceleration Events"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Paula K.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA."},{"name":"George E. 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