{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:21:02Z","timestamp":1777929662017,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">:<\/jats:italic>\n                      To investigate the caries prevention effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) with a carbon dioxide (CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) laser (\u03bb\u2009=\u200910,600\u2009nm) on dentin.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">:<\/jats:italic>\n                      Human dentin slices (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910) were prepared and allocated to the following treatments: Group 1 (SDF)\u2014slices received an SDF application. Group 2 (laser)\u2014slices were irradiated with a CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser. Group 3 (laser + SDF)\u2014slices were irradiated with a CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser, followed by an SDF application. Group 4 (negative control)\u2014slices had no treatment. All of the slices were subjected to pH cycling for cariogenic challenge. Lesion depth, nanohardness, and chemical and morphological changes were assessed by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), nanoindentation, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      micro-CT determined lesion depths for groups 1\u20134 were 27\u2009\u00b1\u20096, 138\u2009\u00b1\u200932, 17\u2009\u00b1\u20095, and 182\u2009\u00b1\u200949\u2009\u03bcm, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; group 3 &lt; group 1 &lt; groups 2 and 4). The nanohardness values for groups 1\u20134 were 456\u2009\u00b1\u2009109, 288\u2009\u00b1\u20095, 444\u2009\u00b1\u2009142, and 258\u2009\u00b1\u200976\u2009MPa, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003; groups 2 and 4 &lt; groups 1 and 3). EDS determined that the calcium-to-phosphorus molar ratio for groups 1\u20134 were 1.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.12, 1.07\u2009\u00b1\u20090.19, 1.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08, and 0.80\u2009\u00b1\u20090.17, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; group 4 &lt; group 2 &lt; groups 1 and 3). SEM evidenced no ablation or cracking on the lased dentin surfaces. The treated dentin showed a relatively more intact and smoother surface morphology compared with the untreated dentin.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">:<\/jats:italic>\n                      SDF can reduce dentin demineralization against cariogenic challenge, and the caries preventive effect of SDF is further enhanced through CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser irradiation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2019.4720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T17:48:56Z","timestamp":1589910536000},"page":"295-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Caries Prevention Effects of Silver Diamine Fluoride with 10,600\u2009nm Carbon Dioxide Laser Irradiation on Dentin"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Luk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China."},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene Shuping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China."},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ollie Yiru","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"May Lei","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Otago University, Dunedin, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Gutknecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun Hung","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-016-1893-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910508400807"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510375825"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0810767"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910608500707"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000096109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/e281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"Dentin caries progression and the role of metalloproteinases: an update","volume":"17","author":"Femiano F","year":"2016","unstructured":"Femiano F, , Femiano R, , Femiano L, , Jamilian A, , Rullo R, , Perillo L. 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