{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T02:45:54Z","timestamp":1792118754979,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM), using an 635\u2009nm diode laser, to provide pain relief for temporomandibular disorder (TMD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background data:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TMD involves a set of multiple clinical manifestations where pain is prevalent. Treatment ideally should be noninvasive and innocuous such as PBM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinically blinded trial was performed on 42 patients with painful TMD diagnosed according the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. They were randomly placed into two groups: an intervention group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200922) subjected to the application of a 635\u2009nm wavelength diode laser (using a 8-mm diameter handpiece in contact mode, delivering 8\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      over a period of 20\u2009sec applied over the sensitive points where the pain was reported by the participants) and a placebo group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920) following the same protocol but without laser activation. All patients received four sessions of treatment over 4 weeks. Personal pain perception, nonassisted pain-free maximum mouth opening and tenderness elicited during palpation of muscles were used as primary outcomes, evaluated at baseline and at follow-up 1 month later by blinded, calibrated evaluators.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a significant reduction in the degree of pain recorded in the laser group after treatment (0.63\u2009\u00b1\u20090.36) compared with the baseline evaluation (4.59\u2009\u00b1\u20092.36;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), which was not observed in the placebo group. Reduction of pain during palpation of most masticatory muscles was significant following treatment in the intervention group. A significant increase in the nonassisted painless mouth opening was observed after treatment (42.14\u2009\u00b1\u20095.8\u2009mm) compared with baseline values (36.73\u2009\u00b1\u20099.91\u2009mm) only among the laser group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007). There were no reported adverse events or side effects among the patients in the intervention group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that PBM using a 635\u2009nm laser was effective on the remission of painful TMD, without complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2019.4730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T17:48:56Z","timestamp":1589910536000},"page":"280-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effectiveness of Photobiomodulation in Temporomandibular Disorder-Related Pain Using a 635\u2009nm Diode Laser: A Randomized, Blinded, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."},{"name":"Cancer Research Group\u2014IINFACTS, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."},{"name":"Oral Laser Applications Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Group\u2014IINFACTS, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."},{"name":"Oral Laser Applications Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J\u00falio","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."},{"name":"Oral Diseases Group\u2014IINFACTS, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filomena","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."},{"name":"Oral Diseases Group\u2014IINFACTS, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","first-page":"310","article-title":"A longitudinal epidemiologic study of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders from 15 to 35 years of age","volume":"14","author":"Magnusson T","year":"2000","unstructured":"Magnusson T, , Egermark I, , Carlsson GE. 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