{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:40:50Z","timestamp":1788824450886,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the short-term result of retinal functional behavior in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) corrected by photobiomodulation (PBM) with 670\u2009nm light-emitting diode (LED) light.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten patients with dry AMD underwent a treatment consisting of nine PBM sessions with LED light of 670\u2009nm with two cycles of 50\u2009mW\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , producing 4\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      per dose in 88\u2009sec. The studied eye was compared with the baseline (before therapy), and after nine PBM sessions, the following aspects were evaluated: best-corrected visual acuity (VA), retinal sensitivity, and characteristics of the correction area by the fundus automated perimetry using the Compass system. A functional and structural assessment of the retina was also performed using the multifocal electroretinography (ERG), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescence retinography (FR), and autofluorescence (AF). All examinations were performed 1, 4, and 16 weeks after the therapy. The Chi-square and Student's\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -tests were used for comparisons. The analyses followed the 95% confidence level (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value \u22640.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The BCVA significantly improved, from an average of 1.1 to 0.98 LogMAR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). The visual field examination, according to the parameters of mean deviation, standard deviation, and index of deviation of background perimeter, showed a significant improvement of \u221212.6% to \u221210.6%, 10.54% to 9.89%, and 56% to 60%, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02, 0.03, and 0.02, respectively). No participant had an adverse effect during the follow-up period; neither did any participant experience abnormalities in OCT, ERG, FR, and AF findings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this short-term study, the PBM technique in patients with dry AMD showed the potential to improve VA and macular perimetry without causing significant adverse events. A larger number of patients and a longer follow-up will be necessary to further assess the success of this technique in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2021.0005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T10:21:40Z","timestamp":1632219700000},"page":"581-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Short-Term Results of Photobiomodulation Using Light-Emitting Diode Light of 670\u2009nm in Eyes with Age-Related Macular Degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Rubens Camargo","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rubens Siqueira Research Center, S\u00e3o Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil."},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto\u2014FAMERP, S\u00e3o Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Madureira","family":"Bel\u00edssimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto\u2014FAMERP, S\u00e3o Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tainara Souza","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rubens Siqueira Research Center, S\u00e3o Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lays Fernanda Nunes","family":"Dourado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayara Rodrigues Brand\u00e3o","family":"de Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ubirajara","family":"Ajero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando da Silva","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.10.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305768"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70145-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.4997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.10.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lpor.200900032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20950"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Low-level light therapy of the eye and brain","volume":"3","author":"Rojas JC","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rojas JC, , Gonzalez-Lima F. Low-level light therapy of the eye and brain. Eye Brain, 2011; 3:49\u201367.","journal-title":"Eye Brain"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6664"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M409650200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057828"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eells J Wong-Riley MT VerHoeve J et al. Introduction of mitochondrial signals in accelerated wound and retinal healing by near-infrared light therapy Mitochondrion 2004; 4:559\u2013567.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2004.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2007.2132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13354"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002632"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.16.5115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz0898"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-304477"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-8646(24)00252-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2016.2561201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.359"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","first-page":"2049","article-title":"Photobiomodulation as a new treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration: results from the Toronto and Oak Ridge photobiomodulation study in AMD (TORPA)","volume":"53","author":"Merry G","year":"2012","unstructured":"Merry G, , Dotson R, , Devenyi R, et al. Photobiomodulation as a new treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration: results from the Toronto and Oak Ridge photobiomodulation study in AMD (TORPA). Assoc Res Vis Ophthalmol, 2012; 53:2049.","journal-title":"Assoc Res Vis Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2011.3089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061724"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2012.04.014"}],"container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/photob.2021.0005","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/photob.2021.0005","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/photob.2021.0005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:49:24Z","timestamp":1777679364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/photob.2021.0005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/photob.2021.0005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/photob.2021.0005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2578-5478","2578-5478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2578-5478","type":"print"},{"value":"2578-5478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}}}