{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:22:22Z","timestamp":1777929742605,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This investigation aimed to compare the efficacy of circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy (CSF) with surgical scalpel, laser CSF, and photobiomodulation for reduction of relapse after orthodontic tooth rotation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relapse is the tendency of teeth to move back to their preoperative position after removal of orthodontic appliances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 90 rotated teeth at the final stages of fixed orthodontic treatment. The teeth were randomly divided into six groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915) of (1) control (no intervention), (2) photobiomodulation alone (wavelength of 940\u2009nm, 0.2 W, and 4\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), (3) conventional CSF, (4) laser CSF (wavelength of 940\u2009nm, 1.5 W, and 4\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and power density of 160\u2009mW\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), (5) conventional CSF plus photobiomodulation, and (6) laser CSF plus photobiomodulation. Measurements were made on clinical photographs and dental casts using the AutoCAD software. Level of pain of patients was measured within the first 24\u2009h after fiberotomy using a visual analog scale. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Kruskal\u2013Wallis test (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The magnitude (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014) and percentage (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035) of relapse were significantly different among the six groups, and they were the highest in the control group followed by photobiomodulation alone, laser CSF, conventional CSF, conventional CSF plus photobiomodulation, and finally, laser CSF plus photobiomodulation. Moreover, photobiomodulation plus laser CSF and photobiomodulation plus conventional CSF had significantly different results from the other groups. The six groups had no significant difference in sulcus depth changes, gingival recession (difference in primary and secondary crown height), or pain score (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that utilizing photobiomodulation combined with laser CSF or conventional CSF can be effective in reducing relapse. However, further clinical trials are required to support this idea. Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20210621051653N1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2023.0039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T15:10:20Z","timestamp":1692025820000},"page":"408-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparing Circumferential Supracrestal Fiberotomy with Surgical Scalpel Versus Photobiomodulation in Orthodontic Relapse Reduction: A Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Avideh","family":"Maboudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran."},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5188-8829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Fekrazad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Moosazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanieh","family":"Rouhaninezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Dentist, Sari, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melika","family":"Mollaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Dentist, Sari, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parastoo","family":"Namdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran."},{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2019.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1708329"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/joddd.2016.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2018.12.030"},{"issue":"146","key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","first-page":"212","article-title":"Retention procedures for stabilizing orthodontic treatment outcomes: A literature review","volume":"26","author":"Namdar P","year":"2017","unstructured":"Namdar P, , Etezadi T. Retention procedures for stabilizing orthodontic treatment outcomes: A literature review. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, 2017 Mar 10;26(146):212\u2013220.","journal-title":"J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","first-page":"91","article-title":"Soft tissue diode laser in orthodontics","volume":"3","author":"Kulkarni RB","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kulkarni RB, , Misal A, , Mishra R. Soft tissue diode laser in orthodontics. Int J Appl Dent Sci, 2017; 3(2):91\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Appl Dent Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2177-6709.22.6.099-109.sar"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shan Z Wong KWF McGrath C et al. Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy as an Adjunct for Orthodontic Retention: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Studies. May 15 2020; doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-28836\/v1.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-28836\/v2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-010-0853-2"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","first-page":"249","article-title":"Effect of low-level laser therapy on orthodontic tooth movement: A clinical investigation","volume":"12","author":"Dalaie K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dalaie K, , Hamedi R, , Kharazifard MJ, et al. Effect of low-level laser therapy on orthodontic tooth movement: A clinical investigation. J Dent (Tehran), 2015; 12(4):249.","journal-title":"J Dent (Tehran)"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-013-1507-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/jlms.2020.34"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.odw.2009.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/051609-268.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/121710-727.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/052212-419.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-013-1407-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-015-1743-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2019.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.07.006"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"Recent applications of laser in orthodontics","volume":"5","author":"Lepcha PT","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lepcha PT, , Nakib AA, , Nair V, et al. Recent applications of laser in orthodontics. Int J, 2022; 5(5):26\u201332.","journal-title":"Int J"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cju053"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12132187"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-2868.157593"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.089"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-021-03338-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2015.4069"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12590"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(79)90138-6"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","first-page":"141","article-title":"The Damon System and release of substance P in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement in adults","volume":"10","author":"Yamaguchi M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yamaguchi M, , Takizawa T, , Nakajima R, et al. The Damon System and release of substance P in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement in adults. 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