{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:37:17Z","timestamp":1792705037854,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Population Health Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The objective of this study was to compare episode-related and annual costs and work absence days for employees with &lt;3 versus \u22653 annual gout attacks. Human Capital Management Services data (2009\u20132010) from adult employees with gout (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision<\/jats:italic>\n                    code 274.x) and \u226512 months of medical and pharmacy benefits were studied. Outcomes of interest included medical and drug costs, number of emergency department and urgent care visits, number of inpatient days, short- and long-term disability, sick leave, workers' compensation costs, and work absence days. An algorithm based on diagnosis code and antigout medication use identified acute gout treatment episodes. Multivariate analysis compared annual and pre-episode vs. during-episode outcomes for employees with \u22653 vs. &lt;3 gout annual attacks. Of 3361 employees with gout, 76 had \u22653 attacks; these employees had higher short-term disability costs ($1663 vs. $643,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.06) and days (11.68 versus 4.61,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05), more emergency room visits (0.55 vs. 0.23,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001), and urgent care visits (0.07 vs. 0.04,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.01), and lower pharmacy costs ($1677 vs. $1108,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001) than those with &lt;3 attacks. Medical costs both before ($203 higher) and during attacks ($136 higher) were significantly higher for those with \u22653 attacks than for those with &lt;3 attacks. Additionally, a quadratic increasing relationship was found between number of attacks and cost. Frequency of acute gout attacks (\u22653 episodes per year) among employees with gout was associated with greater short-term disability cost, absence days, and emergency department and urgent care visits, and trends toward higher overall costs. (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Population Health Management<\/jats:italic>\n                    2013;16:138\u2013145)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2012.0057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,31]],"date-time":"2012-10-31T10:45:26Z","timestamp":1351680326000},"page":"138-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Economic Burden of Gouty Arthritis Attacks for Employees with Frequent and Infrequent Attacks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wendy","family":"Lynch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HCMS Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Kleinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HCMS Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.M.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony M.","family":"Yadao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"1582","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia over 10 years among older adults in a managed care population","volume":"31","author":"Wallace KL","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wallace KL, , Riedel AA, , Joseph-Ridge N, , Wortmann R. 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