{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:09:54Z","timestamp":1777932594511,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Population Health Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The objective was to assess the association of Medicaid coverage gaps with health care resource utilization (HRU) and costs of patients with schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia were identified from the Medicaid database. The beginning of the first eligible gap was defined as the index date. Per-patient per-month (PPPM) HRU and costs before versus after a gap were assessed, and the association between gap duration and PPPM HRU and costs was examined up to 12 months post index. Together with 95% confidence intervals, HRU differences were reported in rate ratios (RRs), and cost differences were reported in 2016 US dollars. A subgroup of males with substance use disorder (SUD; risk factors for incarceration) also was analyzed. Total PPPM health care costs increased significantly by $711.04 following a coverage gap (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Gaps of 180\u2013365 days were associated with a significant increase in inpatient visits (RR\u2009=\u20091.27;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) relative to gaps of &lt;90 days. Gaps of 90\u2013179 days were associated with significantly more PPPM inpatient visits (RR\u2009=\u20091.14;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.024) relative to a gap of &lt;90 days. Inpatient costs were particularly increased for gaps of 180\u2013365 days versus those of &lt;90 days (cost difference\u2009=\u2009$101.81 PPPM;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0008). Similar results were found in male patients with SUD, in whom HRU and cost differences appeared larger. In patients with schizophrenia, longer Medicaid coverage gaps were associated with increases in inpatient admissions, emergency room visits, and inpatient costs, particularly among patients with risk factors for incarceration. These results support policies that aim to facilitate Medicaid reinstatement for patients with schizophrenia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2019.0147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T10:36:05Z","timestamp":1570530965000},"page":"234-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Are Medicaid Coverage Gaps Associated with Higher Health Care Resource Utilization and Costs in Patients with Schizophrenia?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Dominic","family":"Pilon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine C.","family":"El Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ameur M.","family":"Manceur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryia","family":"Zhdanava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lefebvre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jalpa A.","family":"Doshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"National Institute of Health. Schizophrenia. https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/schizophrenia\/index.shtml Accessed June9 2017."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","first-page":"S235","article-title":"Atypical antipsychotics and the burden of disease","volume":"11","author":"Simpson GM.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Simpson GM. Atypical antipsychotics and the burden of disease. Am J Manag Care, 2005; 11(8 suppl):S235\u2013S241.","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291706008191"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.39.7.794"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxn001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201300166"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020141"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","unstructured":"Bauer RL Morgan RD Mandracchia JT. Offenders with severe and persistent mental illness. In: Fagan TJ Ax RK eds. Correctional mental health: from theory to best practice. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications Inc. 2011:189\u2013212."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2008.144279"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","unstructured":"National Conference of State Legislatures. Medicaid and Re-entry: Postcard. 2017. www.ncsl.org\/research\/health\/medicaid-and-re-entry-postcard.aspx. Accessed December20 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.54.7.999"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","unstructured":"Shader M. Risk factors for delinquency: an overview. Washington DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","unstructured":"Carson E. Prisoners in 2016 (NCJ 251149). Washington DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","unstructured":"Bronson J Zimmer S Berzofsky M. Drug use dependence and abuse among state prisoners and jail inmates 2007\u20132009. Washington DC: US Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","unstructured":"US Department of Labor. Consumer Price Index. https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cpi\/home.htm Accessed June13 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","unstructured":"SAS Institute. Choice of continuous response distribution in log-linked GLMs. 2017. http:\/\/support.sas.com\/kb\/60\/335.html. 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