{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:10:27Z","timestamp":1777932627352,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Population Health Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Individuals with mental health problems may be more vulnerable to using prescription opioids than their counterparts. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the initiation of prescription opioids in older adults who used psychotropic drugs compared with those who did not. The authors used a retrospective cohort design and included a sample of older adults enrolled in Pennsylvania's Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly program who did not use prescription opioids in 2013. Using pharmacy claims, patients who used anxiolytics\/sedatives\/hypnotics (n\u2009=\u200913,512) or antidepressants (n\u2009=\u200917,492) between October and December 2013 were identified and compared with those who did not use anxiolytics\/sedatives\/hypnotics (n\u2009=\u2009114,091) or antidepressants (n\u2009=\u2009110,111) during that period, to determine the incidence of prescription opioid use in 2014. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regressions were performed for analyses. Compared with patients who did not use anxiolytics\/sedatives\/hypnotics, those who used were more likely to initiate prescription opioids (15.0% versus 22.0%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Similarly, compared with patients who did not use antidepressants, those who used were more likely to initiate prescription opioids (14.7% versus 21.9%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the odds of prescription opioid initiation increased with anxiolytic\/sedative\/hypnotic use by 44% (AOR\u2009=\u20091.44;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and antidepressant use by 48% (AOR\u2009=\u20091.48;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) among older adults after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Results showed that prescription opioid initiation is associated with prior anxiolytic\/sedative\/hypnotic or antidepressant use among older adults. Patients with mental health problems should also be queried about pain experiences for effective treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2021.0129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T11:56:11Z","timestamp":1629201371000},"page":"126-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Retrospective Study of Psychotropic Drug Use and Prescription Opioid Initiation Among Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2852-4565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivani R.","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Magellan Rx Management\/PACE, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra A.","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magellan Rx Management\/PACE, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leroy L.","family":"Latty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magellan Rx Management\/PACE, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"LaSure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magellan Rx Management\/PACE, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theresa V.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennsylvania Department of Aging, Bureau of Pharmaceutical Assistance, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics. Multiple cause of death 1999\u20132017. 2018. https:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov Accessed September18 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","unstructured":"Office of Inspector General . Opioid use in Medicare Part D continued to decline in but vigilance is needed as covid-19 raises new concerns. 2020. https:\/\/oig.hhs.gov\/oei\/reports\/OEI-02-20-00320.pdf Accessed October16 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on the Future Health Care Workforce for Older Americans. Retooling for an aging America: Building the health care workforce. Washington DC: National Academies Press (US) 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001242"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","first-page":"30138","article-title":"Association between psychotropic drug use and prescription opioid use among older adults","volume":"0197","author":"Khan SR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khan SR, , Heller DA, , Latty LL, , Cadieux RJ, , LaSure M, , Brown TV. Association between psychotropic drug use and prescription opioid use among older adults. 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Opioid-related inpatient stays and emergency department visits among patients aged 65 years and older 2010 and 2015: statistical brief #244. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs. 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