{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:42:25Z","timestamp":1787586145546,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Population Health Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common reason for emergency department (ED) utilization that could potentially be treated by a primary care provider (PCP). This study assessed patient perceived value of a home UTI test kit plus educational materials and its impact on ED utilization for a UTI symptom episode. Women aged 18\u201375 years with Medicaid insurance and a history of 1\u20133 uncomplicated UTIs in the past year were prospectively identified and randomized to the intervention, intervention plus (intervention plus a patient portal message before its delivery), or standard of care group. A telephone survey was conducted 3\u20135 months after the mailing. Site of care for each UTI symptom episode was measured 12 months before and 6 months after the intervention. Test kit packages were mailed to 266 intervention individuals, and 150 responded to the telephone survey. Utilization outcomes were compared between a combined intervention group and a control group. Approximately one-third of the intervention patients experienced UTI symptoms within 5 months, and 73% used the test kit. Of those who experienced UTI symptoms, 58% contacted their PCP to seek care and 96% reported that the test kit was helpful. ED utilization was not significantly different in the intervention groups before and after the intervention, nor between the intervention and control groups postintervention. A home UTI test kit plus educational materials mailed to patients with a history of uncomplicated UTI was deemed helpful but did not have a measurable impact on ED utilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2023.0201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T15:45:45Z","timestamp":1699026345000},"page":"44-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Patient Perception and Impact of Home Test Kits on Health Care Utilization for Urinary Tract Infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3735-5262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Billups","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Fixen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaci","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara A.","family":"Wettergreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Schilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756287219832172"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-1-200107030-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2007.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-05415-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-022-01867-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","unstructured":"ER visit cost for UTI Treatment: Most expensive hospitals. 2022. https:\/\/www.goodbill.com\/er-visit-cost-uti Accessed September26 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-014-9931-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","unstructured":"Readability Formulas. Automatic readability checker\u2014The Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Readability Formula. My Byline Media. https:\/\/readabilityformulas.com\/free-readability-formula-tests.php Accessed May22 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","unstructured":"Brega AG Barnard J Mabachi NM et al. AHRQ Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit. 2020. https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/files\/healthlittoolkit2_4.pdf Accessed May22 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13619-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","unstructured":"Colorado Health Access Survey. Colorado Health Institute. 2023. https:\/\/www.coloradohealthinstitute.org\/research\/language-and-culturally-responsive-care-colorado Accessed May22 2023."}],"container-title":["Population Health Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/pop.2023.0201","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pop.2023.0201","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/pop.2023.0201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T01:26:41Z","timestamp":1777685201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/pop.2023.0201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/pop.2023.0201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pop.2023.0201","relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7891","1942-7905"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7891","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7905","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}}}