{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:18:46Z","timestamp":1787318326111,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychedelic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) is an emerging treatment option to alleviate treatment-resistant affective disorders, but its long-term effectiveness remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the treatment effects of KAP on anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective effectiveness study included self-reported outcomes from adults with a history of major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or PTSD who had not responded to prior treatment interventions and received KAP administered across 11 Field Trip Health clinics in North America between March 13, 2020, and June 16, 2022. The evaluable sample sizes were 346 and 94 participants at 3 and 6 months, respectively, representing loss to follow-up rates of 82% and 95%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>KAP consists of 4\u20136 guided ketamine sessions (administered through intramuscular injection or sublingual lozenge) with psychotherapy-only integration visits after doses 1 and 2 and then after every 2 subsequent doses. Mean number of doses administered was 4, standard deviation (SD)\u2009=\u20093, and mean number of integration sessions was 3, SD\u2009=\u20092.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary outcomes were changes in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD at 3 months relative to baseline, assessed, respectively, using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the 7-item GAD measure, and the 6-item PTSD checklist. Secondary outcomes were changes at 1 and 6 months relative to baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Large treatment effects were detected at 3 months (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d'<\/jats:italic>\n                      s\u2009=\u20090.75\u20130.86) and were sustained at 6 months (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d'<\/jats:italic>\n                      s\u2009=\u20090.61\u20130.73). Case reductions (identified based on cutoff values) ranged from 39% to 41% at 3 months and 29% to 37% at 6 months. In total, 50\u201375% reported a minimal clinically important difference at 3 months and 48\u201370% at 6 months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>KAP produced sustained reductions in anxiety, depression, and PTSD, with symptom improvement lasting well beyond the duration of dosing and integration sessions. These effects extended to as much as 5 months after the last KAP session. However, the high rates of attrition may limit validity of the results. Given the growing mental health care crises and the need for effective therapies and models of care, especially for intractable psychiatric mood-related disorders, these data support the use of KAP as a viable alternative. Further prospective clinical research should be undertaken to provide evidence on the safety and effectiveness of ketamine within a psychotherapeutic context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/psymed.2023.0021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T11:32:41Z","timestamp":1706527961000},"page":"87-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy Provides Lasting and Effective Results in the Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder at 3 and 6 Months: Findings from a Large Retrospective Effectiveness Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Ryan","family":"Yermus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Bottos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Bryson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reunion Neuroscience, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"De Leo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Compassionate Care, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitch","family":"Earleywine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Hackenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."},{"name":"Field Trip Health, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sidney","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."},{"name":"Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, Unity Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Kezemidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Kratina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"McMaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Medrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, New York, New York, USA."},{"name":"Field Trip Health, Washington, District of Colombia, USA."},{"name":"Nue Life Medical Group, Miami, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Mina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Morisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada."},{"name":"Social and Behavioural Health Sciences Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."},{"name":"Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Muench","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Pillai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Scharlach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Medical Inc., Santa Monica and La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varun","family":"Setlur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Trip Health, Toronto, Ontario, 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