{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:11:24Z","timestamp":1791317484045,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychedelic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, may eventually be approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment-resistant depression. However, we are aware of only one published national survey of American psychiatrists regarding their opinions about hallucinogens and hallucinogen-assisted therapy, conducted by our group in 2016. Here, we report a repeat survey, using virtually identical methods, assessing whether American psychiatrists display greater optimism about the therapeutic use of hallucinogens in 2022\u201323.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We e-mailed our survey instrument to 1,000 randomly selected American Psychiatric Association members\u2014250 resident-fellows and 750 attending psychiatrists\u2014in late 2022 and early 2023. We calculated descriptive statistics and used a non-parametric trend test to compare the current survey responses with those from 2016. We also constructed a multivariate logistic regression model to assess attributes of respondents that predicted moderate\/strong agreement with plans to incorporate hallucinogen-assisted therapy into their own practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The response rate was 13.1% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009131). Respondents were demographically similar to the 2016 respondents. A majority moderately\/strongly believed that hallucinogens show promise in treating psychiatric conditions (80.9%) and substance use disorders (SUDs) (60.8%). Large majorities also moderately\/strongly supported research into hallucinogens' therapeutic potential for psychiatric conditions (93.9%) and SUDs (88.6%), as well as federal funding of associated clinical trials (84.7% and 80.9%, respectively). Comparisons to 2016 showed significantly increased optimism regarding the therapeutic promise of hallucinogens and decreased concern about risks, with 50.4% of respondents reporting moderate\/strong intentions to incorporate hallucinogen-assisted therapy into their practice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data reveal a striking positive shift in attitudes toward the therapeutic potential of hallucinogens among American psychiatrists since 2016, with a majority of responding psychiatrists planning to incorporate hallucinogen-assisted therapy into their practice if regulatory approval is granted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/psymed.2023.0036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T15:04:57Z","timestamp":1695049497000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["American Psychiatrists' Opinions About Classic Hallucinogens and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A 7-Year Follow-Up Survey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8963-5701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian S.","family":"Barnett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Center for Behavioral Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."},{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Arakelian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Beebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared","family":"Ontko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor","family":"Riegal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willie O.","family":"Siu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, New York, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8071-7412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Weleff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Center for Behavioral Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harrison G.","family":"Pope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108093587"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","unstructured":"COMPASS Pathways. 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