{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:23:48Z","timestamp":1781533428242,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":256,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rejuvenation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mitochondria play a central role in cellular physiology. Besides their classic function of energy metabolism, mitochondria are involved in multiple cell functions, including energy distribution through the cell, energy\/heat modulation, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium homeostasis, and control of apoptosis. Simultaneously, mitochondria are the main producer and target of ROS with the result that multiple mitochondrial diseases are related to ROS-induced mitochondrial injuries. Increased free radical generation, enhanced mitochondrial inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production, decreased respiratory complex activity, impaired electron transport system, and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores have all been suggested as factors responsible for impaired mitochondrial function. Because of these, neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and aging, are caused by ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions. Melatonin, the major hormone of the pineal gland, also acts as an anti-oxidant and as a regulator of mitochondrial bioenergetic function. Melatonin is selectively taken up by mitochondrial membranes, a function not shared by other anti-oxidants, and thus has emerged as a major potential therapeutic tool for treating neurodegenerative disorders. Multiple\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    experiments have shown the protective role of melatonin for preventing oxidative stress\u2013induced mitochondrial dysfunction seen in experimental models of PD, AD, and HD. With these functions in mind, this article reviews the protective role of melatonin with mechanistic insights against mitochondrial diseases and suggests new avenues for safe and effective treatment modalities against these devastating neurodegenerative diseases. Future insights are also discussed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2015.1704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T13:38:01Z","timestamp":1434634681000},"page":"21-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Melatonin: A Potential Anti-Oxidant Therapeutic Agent for Mitochondrial Dysfunctions and Related Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Showkat Ahmad","family":"Ganie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kashmir Srinagar","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanveer Ali","family":"Dar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kashmir Srinagar","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aashiq Hussain","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kashmir Srinagar","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid B.","family":"Dar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kashmir Srinagar","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhail","family":"Anees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kashmir Srinagar","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Afzal","family":"Zargar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kashmir Srinagar","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akbar","family":"Masood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kashmir Srinagar","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2001.300201.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005452624640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01404-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1888"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"151","article-title":"Biochemistry of apoptotic cell death","volume":"53","author":"Barisic K","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barisic K, , Petrik J, , Rumora L. Biochemistry of apoptotic cell death. Acta Pharm, 2003; 53:151\u2013164.","journal-title":"Acta Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207534"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1999.79.4.1127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(02)01375-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","volume-title":"Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine","author":"Halliwell B","year":"1999","unstructured":"Halliwell B, , Gutteridge JMC. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 1999.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1972.tb00787.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2002.01856.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357011777747"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00827-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026023394443"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ENDO:27:2:119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1211\/002235702760345374"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1600-079X.2003.00092.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2005.00261.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2005.00295.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0186(94)00154-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1995.tb00178.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1993.tb00511.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240530415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"253","article-title":"Melatonin receptors in purified nuclei of liver","volume":"82","author":"Acuna-Castroviejo D","year":"1993","unstructured":"Acuna-Castroviejo D, , Pablos MI, , Menendez-Pelaez A, , Reiter RJ. Melatonin receptors in purified nuclei of liver. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol, 1993; 82:253\u2013256.","journal-title":"Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1994.tb00089.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","first-page":"623","article-title":"Melatonin protects human blood lymphocytes from radiation induced chromosome damage","volume":"34","author":"Vijayalaxmi R RJ","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vijayalaxmi R RJ, , Meltz ML. Melatonin protects human blood lymphocytes from radiation induced chromosome damage. Mutat Res, 1995; 34:623\u2013631.","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2002.20920.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1218(96)90110-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2006.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(98)00112-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"Melatonin: A potent, endogenous hydroxyl radical scavenger","volume":"1","author":"Tan DX","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tan DX, , Chen LD, , Poeggeler B, , Manchester LC, , Reiter RJ. Melatonin: A potent, endogenous hydroxyl radical scavenger. Endocrine J, 1993; 1:57\u201360.","journal-title":"Endocrine J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(94)00928-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/15.2.215"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00498-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2005.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-8001-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2008.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00649.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2001.280201.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0926-6917(95)90052-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)00101-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1996.tb00263.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(97)00018-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1998.tb00387.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm980117m"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2000.290303.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0633.2002.290402.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2000.290108.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108399"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079x.2002.10831.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2006.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2006.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2008.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(97)00008-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.9426"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1999.tb00570.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2000.290308.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00435-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2003.00037.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/CBB:34:2:237"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0135-0_62"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","unstructured":"Reiter RJ Tan DX Jou MJ Korkmaz A Manchester LC Paredes SD. Biogenic amines in the reduction of oxidative stress: Melatonin and its metabolites. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2008a;29:391\u2013398."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Nitrosation of melatonin by nitric oxide: A computational study","volume":"33","author":"Turjanski AG","year":"2001","unstructured":"Turjanski AG, , Saenz DA, , Doctorovich F, , Estrin DA, , Rosenstein RE. Nitrosation of melatonin by nitric oxide: A computational study. J Pineal Res, 2001; 33:31\u201336.","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2003.02112.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2006.00379.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1562\/0031-8655(2003)078<0449:IOSMOW>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2006.05322.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0027-5107(95)00238-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1999.tb00618.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020022500102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1269\/jrr.06070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00554.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2006.00321.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx980243t"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0690(200301)2003:1<172::AID-EJOC172>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00168-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00518.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020523000205"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.05177.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00534.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(00)00607-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00620-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2002.01869.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-4680(02)00080-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079x.2002.1o853.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2003.00084.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.11.5816"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.12-6-738"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2008.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1999.tb00618.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007148530845"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7992(95)90065-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3578932"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1218(96)90110-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09553000600554804"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026023394344"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2011.00931.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5557"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0690(200301)2003:1<172::AID-EJOC172>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2005.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00630.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42976-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1995.tb00147.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00435-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-2068(02)00511-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2003.02941.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2003.00066.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-5227fje"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(05)80016-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_115_2","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Endocrinology and Reproduction: Evolutionary, Biotechnological and Clinical Applications","author":"Hardeland R","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hardeland R, , Ressmeyer AR, , Zelosko V, , Burkhardt S, , Poeggeler B. Metabolites of melatonin: Formation and properties of the methoxylated kynuramines AFMK and AMK. In: Recent Advances in Endocrinology and Reproduction: Evolutionary, Biotechnological and Clinical Applications. Haldar C, , Singh SS, eds., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 2004, pp. 21\u201338."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2009.00701.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.01-0309fje"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(01)00052-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00432.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01023.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2004.00180.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00611.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2002.01866.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/135100003225002709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00614.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2005.00242.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04029.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00489.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2009.00723.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2011.00916.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_131_2","first-page":"373","article-title":"The universal nature, unequal distribution and antioxidant functions of melatonin and its derivatives","volume":"13","author":"Reiter RJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reiter RJ, , Tan DX, , Rosales-Corral S et al. The universal nature, unequal distribution and antioxidant functions of melatonin and its derivatives. Mini Rev Med Chem, 2013; 13:373\u2013384.","journal-title":"Mini Rev Med Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2003.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881110379307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(02)00260-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10541-005-0102-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410340416"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5440.774"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.061013598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)81484-H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.2158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8734(92)90028-N"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)90145-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1996.tb39049.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01082-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1410"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3510183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_148_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2009.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_149_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.21.11168"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.22.12896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_151_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/43.4.562"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_152_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(01)00279-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_153_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2005.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_154_2","first-page":"95","article-title":"Changes in the levels of indoleamine phytochemicals during veraison and ripening of wine grapes","volume":"49","author":"Murch SJ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Murch SJ, , Hall BA, , Le CH. Changes in the levels of indoleamine phytochemicals during veraison and ripening of wine grapes. J Pineal Res, 2010; 49:95\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_155_2","first-page":"101","article-title":"Melatonin in traditional Mediterranean diets","volume":"49","author":"Iritiv M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Iritiv M, , Varoni EM, , Vitalini S. Melatonin in traditional Mediterranean diets. J Pineal Res, 2010; 49:101\u2013105.","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ENDO:27:2:159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_157_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1338.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_158_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00490.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_159_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2009.00700.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_160_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2008.0772"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_161_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_162_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2010.00759.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_163_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00199.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_164_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1179689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_165_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_166_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01636-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_167_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1527307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_168_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2009.00729.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_169_2","first-page":"140","article-title":"Melatonin, a novel Sirt1 inhibitor, imparts anti-proliferative effects against prostate cancer in vitro in culture and in vivo in TRAMP model","volume":"2","author":"Jung-Hynes B","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jung-Hynes B, , Schmit TL, , Reagan-Shaw SR et al. Melatonin, a novel Sirt1 inhibitor, imparts anti-proliferative effects against prostate cancer in vitro in culture and in vivo in TRAMP model. J Pineal Res, 2010; 2:140\u2013149.","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_170_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2000.280407.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_171_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00435-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_172_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(01)00138-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_173_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_174_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(02)00244-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_175_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_176_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2006.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_177_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(91)90046-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_178_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0531-5565(93)90001-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_179_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1990.tb02325.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_180_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260606"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_181_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00164-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_182_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094302"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_183_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1868"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_184_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(84)90046-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_185_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2009.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_186_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_187_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3556"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_188_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22615"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_189_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_190_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_191_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_192_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100088"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_193_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.144"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_194_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2009.00692.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_195_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2011.00864.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_196_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01654.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_197_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac050556a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_198_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)01027-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_199_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2003.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_200_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_201_2","first-page":"341","article-title":"In vitro effect of melatonin on oxygen consumption in liver mitochondria of rats","volume":"24","author":"Reyes-Toso CF","year":"2003","unstructured":"Reyes-Toso CF, , Ricci CR, , De-Mignone IR, , Reyes P, , Linares LM, , Albornoz LE, , Cardinali DP. In vitro effect of melatonin on oxygen consumption in liver mitochondria of rats. Neuro Endocrinol Lett, 2003; 24:341\u2013344.","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_202_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_203_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2010.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_204_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattson MP Gleichmann M Cheng A. Mitochondria in neuroplasticity and neurological disorders Neuron. 2008; 60:748\u2013766.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_205_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(94)90142-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_206_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2004.00140.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_207_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.540765"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_208_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007020070021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_209_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009625323388"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_210_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_211_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19970101)47:1<98::AID-JNR11>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_212_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010051062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_213_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)01202-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_214_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0898-957"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_215_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65041487.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_216_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.060974"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_217_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.3.369"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_218_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.2002.0549"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_219_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4736-04.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_220_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2004.00164.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_221_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2004.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_222_2","first-page":"20","article-title":"The use of melatonin in Anzheimer's disease","volume":"23","author":"Cardinali DP","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cardinali DP, , Brusco LI, , Liberczuk C, , Furio AM. The use of melatonin in Anzheimer's disease. Neuroendocrinol Lett, 2002a;23:20\u201323.","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_223_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"Melatonin in sleep disorders and jet-lag","volume":"23","author":"Cardinali DP","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cardinali DP, , Brusco LI, , Lloret SP, , Furio AM. Melatonin in sleep disorders and jet-lag. Neuroendocrinol Lett, 2002b;23:9\u201313.","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_224_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.7.893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_225_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92366-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_226_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2009.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_227_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09133.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_228_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.69031196.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_229_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320616"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_230_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(85)90061-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_231_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.09.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_232_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Melatonin is protective against MPTP-induced striatal and hippocampal lesions","volume":"60","author":"Acu\u00f1a CD","year":"1997","unstructured":"Acu\u00f1a CD, , Coto-Montes A, , Gaia MM, , Ortiz GG, , Reiter RJ. Melatonin is protective against MPTP-induced striatal and hippocampal lesions. Life Sci, 1997; 60:23\u201329.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_233_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1998.tb00380.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_234_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)02551-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_235_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2011.00927.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_236_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.03.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_237_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_238_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_239_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)00955-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_240_2","first-page":"135","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic deficits, and increased oxidative stress in Huntington's disease","volume":"34","author":"Chen CM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen CM. Mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic deficits, and increased oxidative stress in Huntington's disease. Chang Gung Med J, 2011; 34:135\u2013152.","journal-title":"Chang Gung Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_241_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh162"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_242_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03036.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_243_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NERE.0000014824.04728.dd"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_244_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_245_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201000102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_246_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_247_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000327910"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_248_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddr024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_249_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddp243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_250_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_251_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(93)90062-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_252_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2004.00163.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_253_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020610708637"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_254_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1867-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_255_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1357-09.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_256_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079X.2002.02943.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_257_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2006.00377.x"}],"container-title":["Rejuvenation Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/rej.2015.1704","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/rej.2015.1704","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/rej.2015.1704","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T01:33:16Z","timestamp":1777685596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/rej.2015.1704"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":256,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/rej.2015.1704"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/rej.2015.1704","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-1684","1557-8577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-1684","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8577","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}}}