{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T13:16:05Z","timestamp":1779110165398,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rejuvenation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The treatment of hypertrophic scar (HS) has thus far been a clinical challenge. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    fractional laser combined with 5-fluorouracil ethosomal gel (5-FU EG) in rabbit HS model. HS model was established as standardized scars on the ventral surface of rabbit ears, divided into four groups: control (no intervention), EG treatment, laser treatment, and combined treatment group (laser plus 5-FU EG). Clinical macroscopic and H&amp;E-stained microscopic observations were conducted to assess HS improvement. The mRNA levels of types I and III collagen, transforming growth factor-\u03b21 (TGF-\u03b21), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by real-time PCR. After 14 days, H&amp;E staining shows that the thickness of HS in treatment groups was significantly lower compared with the control group, and the thickness in laser treatment group and combined treatment group was significantly lower compared with the EG treatment group. The mRNA levels of types I and III collagen, TGF-\u03b21 were significantly low in all treatment groups, whereas IL-6 was highest in the laser treatment group at day 14. The macro- and microscopic effects of the combined and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    fractional laser treatment were better compared with 5-FU EG only. Inhibition of types I and III collagen, TGF-\u03b21 are the possible underlying mechanism of action, whereas the function of IL-6 remains to be further studied. Our study suggests that the effect of combined 5-FU EG and laser, as well as laser-only treatment are superior to 5-FU EG monotreatment. The mechanism of HS improvement is related to reduction of collagen I\/III and the inhibition of TGF-\u03b21 expression.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2019.2204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T05:12:51Z","timestamp":1592975571000},"page":"131-138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Fractional Laser Combined with 5-Fluorouracil Ethosomal Gel Treatment of Hypertrophic Scar Macro-, Microscopic, and Molecular Mechanism of Action in a Rabbit Animal Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangdong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bestafairy Medical Beauty Clinic, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China."},{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewelina","family":"Biskup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China."},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200304040-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2008.34406.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199910000-00031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"60","author":"Gloria A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chin, Gloria A. Current therapy in plastic surgery. Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids, 2006:60\u201365.","journal-title":"Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","volume-title":"Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars. European Handbook of Dermatological Treatments","author":"Binic I","year":"2015","unstructured":"Binic I. Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars. European Handbook of Dermatological Treatments. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-006-0651-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2015.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000268"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Innovative therapies in the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars","volume":"3","author":"Viera MH","year":"2010","unstructured":"Viera MH, , Amini S, , Valins W, , Berman B. Innovative therapies in the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars. J Clin Aesthetic Dermatol, 2010; 3:20\u201326.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthetic Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"641","article-title":"Prevention of hypertrophic scars and keloids by the prophylactic use of topical silicone gel sheets following a surgical procedure in an office setting","volume":"27","author":"Gold MH","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gold MH, , Foster TD, , Adair MA, , Burlison K, , Lewis T. Prevention of hypertrophic scars and keloids by the prophylactic use of topical silicone gel sheets following a surgical procedure in an office setting. Dermatol Surg, 2001; 27:641\u2013644.","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","article-title":"Silicone gel sheeting for preventing and treating hypertrophic and keloid scars","volume":"9","author":"O'Brien L","year":"2013","unstructured":"O'Brien L, , Jones DJ. 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