{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T03:33:15Z","timestamp":1787974395130,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rejuvenation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The skin is exposed to the solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, which leads to the formation of several types of skin damage responsible for cancer initiation and aging.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Malus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. is a genus of apples, which are a good source of polyphenolic compounds.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Malus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. and more precisely one of its components, rutin, have preventive effects on many diseases caused by reactive oxygen species. In addition, previous studies have suggested the topical usage of the extract as a cosmetic product to prevent skin damage caused by oxidative stress. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of two topical formulations containing 1.25% of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Malus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. extract and the equivalent amount of rutin (0.75%). The photochemopreventive effect was assessed on two three-dimensional (3D) skin models, that is,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    skin explants and 3D tissue-engineered skin to compare the models. Both formulations protected against the UVB-induced increase in sunburn cell formation, as well as caspase-3 activation and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation in both skin models. Furthermore, the formulations inhibited the lipid peroxidation and the metalloproteinase formation induced by UVB radiation. The tissue-engineered skins and the skin explants provided effective tools to assess the UVB-induced damages. These results support use of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Malus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. extract and rutin as skin photochemopreventive agents for topical application.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2019.2219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T06:47:19Z","timestamp":1585896439000},"page":"465-475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Apple Extract (\n                    <i>Malus<\/i>\n                    sp.) and Rutin as Photochemopreventive Agents: Evaluation of Ultraviolet B-Induced Alterations on Skin Biopsies and Tissue-Engineered Skin"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo Molina","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia de Assis Dias","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia de Siqueira","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Alexandre Pedro","family":"de Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Rochette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec, Canada."},{"name":"Centre de recherche en organog\u00e9n\u00e8se exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Quebec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique J.","family":"Moulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec, Canada."},{"name":"Centre de recherche en organog\u00e9n\u00e8se exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Quebec, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Vieira","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04474.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2015.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2017.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2621"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2016.09.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stojiljkovi\u0107 D Arsi\u0107 I Tadi\u0107 V. 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