{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:16:32Z","timestamp":1777932992210,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Rejuvenation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"\n Alzheimer's disease (AD) has no cure, mainly because of late diagnosis. Early diagnostic biomarkers are crucial. Phospholipases A\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) are hydrolases with several functions in the brain, nevertheless their deregulation contributes to neurodegeneration. We evaluated platelet total PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n activity (p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) in healthy elderly subjects (HE,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009102), patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200990) and AD (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200991). Platelets are considered \u201ccirculating neurons\u201d and p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n appears to mirror the cerebral activity. p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n of the three cohorts was similar, but in MCI the higher p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n the worse the global cognitive status (Mini Mental State Examination score [MMSE]) and in AD the lower p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n the more severe the pathology stage (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR]). Accordingly, MCI with MMSE \u226526 overlapped HE, in MCI with MMSE <26 and in AD with CDR 1 p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n increased, in AD with CDR 2 p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n decreased. In MCI p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n positively correlated with blood oxidation and inflammation, in AD it was the opposite. Finally, Discrimination Index (DI)\u2014calculated multiplying p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , oxidative level and Cu\/Zn ratio (an inflammation parameter)\u2014differentiated MCI patients who progressed to dementia in the following 24 months and AD patients with the worse pathology development. Summarizing, p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n changes during MCI and AD progression, is linked, in opposite way, to oxidative\/inflammatory status in MCI and AD and might help, when included in DI, to identify MCI converters to dementia and AD patients with the more severe prognosis. p\n tot<\/jats:sub>\n PLA\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n may have a diagnostic\/prognostic value and be a potential therapeutic target.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2021.0020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T08:50:05Z","timestamp":1639644605000},"page":"16-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Platelet Total PLA\n 2<\/sub>\n Activity, Serum Oxidative Level, and Plasma Cu\/Zn Ratio: A Vicious Cycle with a Potential Role to Monitor MCI and Alzheimer's Disease Progression"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Balietti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Casoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robertina","family":"Giacconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Giuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatrics Operative Unit, IRCCS INRCA, Fermo, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24805"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101925"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.5b00073"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v37.i2-6.20"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-6980(02)00020-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2010.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-006-0597-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.69020704.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1996.tb34438.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1092-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","first-page":"1727","article-title":"Platelets in Alzheimer's disease-associated cellular senescence and inflammation","volume":"19","author":"Casoli T","year":"2013","unstructured":"Casoli T, , Balietti M, , Giorgetti B, , Solazzi M, , Scarpino O, , Fattoretti P. Platelets in Alzheimer's disease-associated cellular senescence and inflammation. Curr Pharm Des, 2013; 19:1727\u20131738.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2012.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2008.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-016-0570-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150714"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-171117"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.619564"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.630430"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113344"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","first-page":"otaa","article-title":"The Copper\/Zinc ratio correlates with markers of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"2","author":"Schneider T","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schneider T, , Caviezel D, , Ayata CK, et al. The Copper\/Zinc ratio correlates with markers of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Crohns Colitis 360, 2020; 2:otaa 001.","journal-title":"Crohns Colitis 360"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-016-1281-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-009-9251-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2019.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"The need to report effect size estimates revisited","volume":"1","author":"Tomczak M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tomczak M, , Tomczak E. The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size. Trends Sport Sci, 2014; 1:19\u201325.","journal-title":"An overview of some recommended measures of effect size. Trends Sport Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-007-0669-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-013-1088-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02189113"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-004-0142-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0866-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 as a predictive biomarker of sub-clinical inflammation in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"5","author":"Cojocaru M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cojocaru M, , Cojocaru IM, , Silosi I. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 as a predictive biomarker of sub-clinical inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Maedica (Bucur), 2010; 5:51\u201355.","journal-title":"Maedica (Bucur)"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1232-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12789"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.5b00073"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-009-8092-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/MN:31:1-3:027"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.617588"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-012-8261-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04670.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.07033.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156802607780487623"}],"container-title":["Rejuvenation Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/rej.2021.0020","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/rej.2021.0020","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/rej.2021.0020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T01:35:36Z","timestamp":1777685736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/rej.2021.0020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/rej.2021.0020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/rej.2021.0020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-1684","1557-8577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-1684","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8577","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}}}