{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:32:43Z","timestamp":1792801963344,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dyspnea and desaturation during exercise are essential assessment items for pulmonary rehabilitation. Characterizing patients using these 2 factors may be important for providing more effective pulmonary rehabilitation. This study aimed to categorize subjects with interstitial lung disease (ILD) using dyspnea and desaturation at the end of the 6-min walk test (6MWT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was a retrospective study including 230 stable subjects with ILD who underwent 6MWT in our out-patient department at a general hospital in Japan. The modified Borg scale and oxygen saturation determined by S\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        pO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      at the end of the 6MWT were used for cluster analysis using the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                      -means method with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Subjects were classified into 4 characteristic clusters. S\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        pO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      at the end of the 6MWT was lower in cluster 4 (80.5 \u00b1 3.0%) than in clusters 1 (94.3 \u00b1 2.0%), 2 (94.3 \u00b1 1.9%), and 3 (87.9 \u00b1 1.8%) and was lower in cluster 3 than in clusters 1 and 2. The modified Borg scale score at the end of the 6MWT was higher in clusters 2 (4 [3\u20138]), 3 (3 [0\u20139]), and 4 (4 [0\u20137]) than in cluster 1 (0.5 [0\u20132.0]) and was higher in cluster 2 than in cluster 3.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Subjects with ILD were classified into 4 characteristic clusters using dyspnea and S\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        pO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      at the end of the 6MWT. The 4 clusters are characterized as follows: Cluster 1 had mild desaturation and mild dyspnea; cluster 2 had mild desaturation and severe dyspnea; cluster 3 had both moderate desaturation and dyspnea, and cluster 4 had both severe desaturation and dyspnea. These classification data offer insight for individualized pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with ILD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/respcare.11712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T11:57:23Z","timestamp":1736769443000},"page":"56-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Classification of Patients Based on Dyspnea and Desaturation During Exercise in Interstitial Lung Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Kohei","family":"Otake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mr. Otake is affiliated with Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Chubu Gakuin University, Seki City, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe City, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe City, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Misu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Misu is affiliated with Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women\u2019s University, Kobe City, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akio","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drs. Yamamoto and Ishikawa are affiliated with Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe City, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Yamaguchi is affiliated with Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe City, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe City, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chisato","family":"Nagatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ms. Nagatani is affiliated with Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe City, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mr. Sakai is affiliated with Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe City, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drs. 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